A.  Leader prescriptions    

• Assign everyone the role of critical evaluator. 

• Be impartial; do not state preferences. 

• Assign the devil's advocate role to at least one group member.    

• Use outside experts to challenge the group.    

• Be open to dissenting points of view.

B.  Organisational prescriptions  

• Set up several independent groups to study the same issue.   

• Train managers and group leaders in groupthink prevention techniques.

C.  Individual prescriptions    

• Be a critical thinker.   

• Discuss group deliberations with a trusted outsider; report back to the group.

D.  Process prescriptions   

• Periodically break the group into subgroups to discuss the issues.   

• Take time to study external factors.   

• Hold second-chance meetings to rethink issues before making a commitment.