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What Is a CollectionThe collection is an ordered group of elements, all of similar type (for e.g. the grades for a class of students). Each element has a unique subscript which determines its position in the collection. The PL/SQL offers two collection types. The Items of type TABLE are either index-by tables or nested tables (that extend the functionality of the index-by tables). The Items of type VARRAY are varrays (short for the variable-size arrays).The Collections works like the arrays found in most of the third-generation programming languages. Though, collections can have only one dimension and should be indexed by the integers. (In few languages like Ada and Pascal, the arrays can have multiple dimensions and can be indexed by the enumeration types.)The Collections can store instances of an object type and, on the contrary, can be attributes of an object type. The collections can also be passed as parameters. Therefore, you can use them to move the columns of data into and out of the database tables or between client-side applications and stored subprograms. Moreover, you can define the collection types in a PL/SQL package, and then use them programmatically in your applications.
Bulk Binds advantages In the Embedded Oracle RDBMS, the PL/SQL engines accept any valid PL/SQL subprogram or block. As the figure shows, the PL/SQL engine executes all procedur
Stored Subprograms Normally, tools (like Oracle Forms) which incorporate the PL/SQL engine can store subprograms locally for later, strictly local execution. Though, to become
CURRVAL and NEXTVAL The series is a schema object which generates the sequential numbers. Whenever you form a sequence, you can specify its primary value and an increment. T
Manipulating Collections Within PL/SQL, the collections add procedural power and flexibility. The biggest benefit is that your program can compute subscripts to process the spec
LOB Types The large object (LOB) datatypes like BFILE, BLOB, CLOB, and NCLOB store the blocks of unstructured data (like graphic images, text, video clips, and sound waveforms)
Using Operator DEREF: You cannot navigate through refs within the PL/SQL procedural statements. Rather than, you should use the operator DEREF in the SQL statement. The DEREF
Effects of NULL for union - SQL The treatment of NULL in invocations of EXCEPT is as for UNION. This is different from its treatment in those of NOT IN and quantified compari
%FOUND Until the SQL data manipulation statement is executed, the %FOUND yields NULL. Afterward, the %FOUND yields TRUE, when an INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE statement affected o
ROWNUM The ROWNUM returns a number representing the order in which a row was selected from the table. The first row selected has a ROWNUM of 1; the second row has a ROWNUM of
Manipulating Local Collections Within PL/SQL, to manipulate the local collection, by using the TABLE and CAST operators . The operands of CAST are a collection declared locally
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