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Ernst Mayr, for whom, species and species problem have been the main concern of research, points out that speciation, the multiplication of species, that is division of one parent species into several daughter species is one process responsible for the evolutionary diversity of organic world. Darwin no where in his book Origin of Species defined the word species precisely although he interpreted speciation in terrns of reproductive isolation (Darwin again did not use the term reproductive isolation in his book.) Darwin did en~phasise that occupation of an unique ecological niche by each species could be a major characteristic of speciation. In this unit we shall briefly analyse the species concept laying emphasis on biological species and discuss in detail different types of mechanisms of speciation. Further we shall briefly look into how isolation brings about genetic repatterning and proceed to discuss the mechanisms of isolation with well chosen examples. As an illustration of how isolating mechanisms develop gradually, we shall explain the concept of ring species - the evolution of distinct new species. Finally there will also be a discussion on a phenomenon called genetic drift which however has no causal connection with speciation process but explains that in peripheral isolates gene frequencies drift due smapling error.
The Km for an enzyme A. is equal to kcat, measured at low substrate concentration. B. is the substrate concentration that gives a velocity that is half the maximum velocity.
Q. Explain Spoilage of Fruits and Vegetables? Ans. Fruits and vegetables are an integral part of daily diets of man all over the world. The spoilage of fruits and vegetabl
Define Casein - Tests for Presence of Exoenzymatic Activity? Casein is a major milk protein composed of various amino acids linked through peptide bonds. Extra-cellular enzyme
EXCRETIO N IN COCKROACH- Animal is uricotelic. Excretory organs are malphighian tubules. 60-150 in 6-8 groups. In each group 10-15. Yellow coloured, blind tube, open in gut
Shivering - Heat Production The mechanism of thermogenesis with which we are more familiar is shivering and all adult birds and mammals seem to use these mechanism. Shivering
Tissue culture The ability of a plant cell to give rise to a whole plant is called totipotency. The culture of a cell or a tissue in a suitable medium to produce new plan
Q. What is the disease caused by vitamin D deficiency? Which tissue does it affect? The lack of vitamin D causes the disease known as rickets (rachitis), characterized by bone
Culture Medium - Techniques of Plant Tissue Culture In nature green plants are capable of synthesizing organic compounds necessary for their growth and development from the mi
1. You are observing adsorption of a virus to the host cell, it uses long leg-like structures, what are they called?
Q. What do you mean by Oxalates? Oxalates are widely distributed in plant foods mostly in the form of calcium salts. Oxalates are known to interfere with calcium absorpti
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