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Selection of file Organization:
While designing a file, the programmer should select an appropriate association for a file. The order in which the choice is to be made is as shown below:
(i) Implementation support difficulty.
(ii) Software support required.
(iii) Efficiency of processing.
SEQUENTIAL FILE CREATION AND REWRITING: We have to write a program to create a student file with just two fields: sno i.e. Student Number and same i.e. Student Name. Add a few
Common form of the READ statements: Format 1 is the common form of the READ statements. Format 2 is used when the access mode is either random or dynamic. For illustration,
Block Size: The normal practice is to group a number of consecutive records to form that is termed as a block or a physical record. The number of records in a block is frequen
FILE DESCRIPTION- FIXED-LENGTH RECORDS: The normal characteristics of a file are explained in the file description (FD) entry of the DATA DIVISION.
DECLARATIVE and FILE STATUS Clause: The input-output exception condition in the situation of a direct access files can be handled by a declarative procedure in a manner simila
ROUNDED OPTION: Let us consider the DATA DIVISION entries which are as shown below: Now, subsequent to the execution of the statement ADD A B GIVING C, the C will hold
OPEN statement: We know that the processing of a file should start with the execution of an OPEN statement. The file can be opened in any one of the 4 open modes - INPUT, OUTP
BLOCK CONTAINS CLAUSE: Integer -1 of the BLOCK CONTAINS clause indicates the block size either in terms of records or in terms of characters. For illustration, BLOCK CONTAINS
Name the divisions in a COBOL program are given below DENTIFICATION DIVISION DATA DIVISION ENVIRONMENT DIVISION PROCEDURE DIVISION.
what does it used
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