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RULES OF RENAMES CLAUSE:
The rules below should be observed while using the RENAMES clause:
(i) All RENAMES entries should be written only after the last record description entry.
(ii) The RENAMES clause should be used only with the special level number 66. The level number starts in margin A or any place after it. The Data-name-1 should start from margin B or any position after it. There should be at least one space between the level number and data-name-1.
(iii) The Data-name-2 and data-name-3 can be the names of an elementary items or group items. They, though, cannot be items of the level 01, 66, 77 or 88.
(iv) The Data-name-1 might not be used as the qualifier. It can be qualified only by the name of the record within which it is defined.
(v) Neither data-name-2 nor the data-name-3 can have an OCCURS clause in its neither description entry, nor can they be subordinate to an item which has an OCCURS clause in its data description entry.
(vi) The Data-name-3, if mentioned, should follow data-name-2, in the record and should not be one of its subfields.
BLOCK CONTAINS CLAUSE: Integer -1 of the BLOCK CONTAINS clause indicates the block size either in terms of records or in terms of characters. For illustration, BLOCK CONTAINS
Example of Special-names: Consider the illustration: Let the SPECIAL-NAMES paragraph be as shown: SPECIAL-NAMES. CHANNEL 1 IS PAGE-TOP. The Channel is related with the t
calculate simple interest
PROGRAM FOR PERFORM ...UNTIL We have to write a program to find the sum of "n" natural numbers. Identification division. Program- id. PerfUntil. Environment division.
Identification Division: The Identification Division is the first division of each and every COBOL source program. The paragraph PROGRAM-ID is necessary in most of the mac
CLOSE statement: The simplified syntax of the CLOSE statement is as shown below: CLOSE file-name-1 [WITH LOCK ] [ , file-
PROGRAM FOR IF : We have to write a program to check whether the given number is ODD or EVEN. Identification division. Program- id. Ifst. Environment division.
START STATEMENT: The START statement places the files to the initial logical record whose record key satisfies the condition specified by the KEY phrase. The access mode shoul
FILE-CONTROL: The FILE-CONTROL paragraph names each and every file and identifies the first medium through file control entries. The basic format of a file control entry is gi
Data types available in COBOL are given below Alpha-numeric (X), numeric (9), alphabetic (A)
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