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PROCEDURE DIVISION statements for the indexed files:
All the statements which are available for a relative file are also available for an indexed file.
READ STTATEMENT :
When either the RANDOM or DYNAMIC access mode is specified or the records are to be read in a random manner, the syntax is as shown below:
READ file-name RECORD [ INTO IDENTIFIER ]
[ ; KEY IS data-name ]
[ ; INVALID KEY imperative-statement ]
The data name in the KEY IS phrase should be either the prime key or the alternative key item. If the phrase is not specified, then the prime key is supposed. Let consider PERSONNEL be an indexed file and let EMP-NO be the prime key and NAME be the alternative key.
RELATIVE FILES: The Files that are stored on a direct access storage medium like magnetic disk are frequently known as direct access files. The COBOL supports three different
PROGRAM FOR INDEXED SEQUENTIAL FILE CREATION (RANDOM MODE): We have to write a program to create an Indexed Sequential File in random mode for Student particulars. Suppose jus
ADD and SUBTRACT CORRESPONDING: The CORRESPONDING option can also used with the ADD and SUBTRACT verbs. The following are some of the formats of these verbs with the CORRESPON
SIMPLE MERGE VERB: Like sorting, the merging of files is often required in different commercial application. It is likely to merge two or more files with the help of one MERGE
INDEXED SEQUENTIAL FILES: In the indexed sequential files which are also known as indexed files, the records are stored in the sequence order generally in ascending order. In
Numeric - Literals : The numeric literal can be created with the help of digits only. It can have a sign (+ or -) and can also have a decimal point. If no sign is specifi
REWRITE statement: The REWRITE statement is used to update the existing record in a disk file. The normal format is as shown below: REWRIE record-name [ FROM ide
B (Blank Insertion) : The occurrence of a B anyplace in the picture will insert a space character in the edited data. There can be more than one B in the picture. Examples:
Structure of a COBOL Program: Every COBOL program should have the 4 divisions in the order in which they are specified below: 1. Identification division 2. Environment D
PICTURE specification: The size of a group item is equivalent to the total of the sizes of all the subordinate elementary items. The group item class is alphanumeric. The i
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