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Picture Clause:
The picture clause explains the general characteristics of an elementary data item.
These characteristics are elaborated below:
Class:
In COBOL the data item may be one of the 3 classes - numeric, alphabetic or alphanumeric. The numeric items consist only of digits 0 to 9. The Alphabetic items consist only of the letters A to Z (a to z) and the space (blank) character. The alphanumeric may consist of alphabets, digits as well as the special characters.
Non numeric: The nonnumeric literal is used in normal to output messages or headings. The Characters which are enclosed between " " constitute nonnumeric literal. The maximum
PROGRAMS FOR REDEFINES CLAUSE: We have to write a simple program to explain the REDEFINES clause at 01 level. identification division. program- id. Redef. environment
Illustration of perform statement: PERFORM CALCUALTE-TAX. In this illustration, the CALCULATE-TAX is either a section name or paragraph name. Assume that it is a section
Selection of file Organization: While designing a file, the programmer should select an appropriate association for a file. The order in which the choice is to be made is as s
DECLARATIVE and FILE STATUS Clause: The input-output exception condition in the situation of a direct access files can be handled by a declarative procedure in a manner simila
Block Size: The normal practice is to group a number of consecutive records to form that is termed as a block or a physical record. The number of records in a block is frequen
SEQUENTIAL FILES: The purpose of the proposed section is to introduce the concepts such as File characteristics, File Description for Fixed-Length Records, File-Control
CLASS CONDITION: The class condition establishes whether or not the value of the operand is numeric or alphabetic. The operand is numeric if it contains only the digits 0 t
calculate simple interest
Group Item as Operand in the Relational Condition: Whenever an operand of a relational condition is the group item, the item is then considered to be an alphanumeric field. Th
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