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Example of Special-names:
Consider the illustration: Let the SPECIAL-NAMES paragraph be as shown:
SPECIAL-NAMES. CHANNEL 1 IS PAGE-TOP.
The Channel is related with the top of the page. Whereas instructing the computer to write a line on the line printer, the programmer may like to state that the line should be printed as the first line on a new page. This may be completed by involving the ADVANCE TO CHANNEL 1 clause in the write statement. The aim of the special name clause illustrated above is to enable the programmer to substitute CHANNEL 1 by PAGE-TOP in the ADVANCING clause. The idea is to give better documentation. If one favors to use CHANNEL 1 in the write statement, then the special name entry is not needed.
Comparison of Nonnumeric Operands: A nonnumeric operand can be compared to the other nonnumeric operand according to the rules as shown below: (i) Fields of Equal Sizes:
Selection of file Organization: While designing a file, the programmer should select an appropriate association for a file. The order in which the choice is to be made is as s
PROGRAM FOR INDEXED SEQUENTIAL FILE CREATION (RANDOM MODE): We have to write a program to create an Indexed Sequential File in random mode for Student particulars. Suppose jus
Abbreviation: The Consecutive relational conditions in a compound condition can be abbreviated in many cases as shown: (i) When the subjects in the consecutive relational c
File volatility: File volatility associates to the number of times the updating of records are needed during some time period. File interrogation: Some files hold re
Literals: The actual values can too appear in a program. These values are termed as literals. For illustration, the statement MOVE 0 TO TOTAL indicates that the value zero wil
SPECIAL-NAMES: This paragraph is used to associate some hardware names to the user-specified mnemonic names. This paragraph is elective in all compilers. The format of this pa
LEVEL NUMBERS: The COBOL makes use of the level number concept to explain the hierarchical data structure. A level number is a 2 digit number. The permitted level numbers a
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