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Example of Special-names:
Consider the illustration: Let the SPECIAL-NAMES paragraph be as shown:
SPECIAL-NAMES. CHANNEL 1 IS PAGE-TOP.
The Channel is related with the top of the page. Whereas instructing the computer to write a line on the line printer, the programmer may like to state that the line should be printed as the first line on a new page. This may be completed by involving the ADVANCE TO CHANNEL 1 clause in the write statement. The aim of the special name clause illustrated above is to enable the programmer to substitute CHANNEL 1 by PAGE-TOP in the ADVANCING clause. The idea is to give better documentation. If one favors to use CHANNEL 1 in the write statement, then the special name entry is not needed.
PERFORM WITH UNTIL OPTION: The format is as shown below: Illustration: A) Perform p-3 until i > 5. Here p-3 will be executed whenever i B) Perform p-2 thru
FILE DESCRIPTION- FIXED-LENGTH RECORDS: The normal characteristics of a file are explained in the file description (FD) entry of the DATA DIVISION.
LEVEL NUMBERS: The COBOL makes use of the level number concept to explain the hierarchical data structure. A level number is a 2 digit number. The permitted level numbers a
Minus sign - edit characters for numeric data: The minus sign can appear either at the leftmost or rightmost location of the picture. If an item is negative, a minus sign will
PROGRAM FOR SUBTRACT VERB: We have to write a simple program to elaborate the SUBTRACT verb. You can also use edit characters in the program. Identification division. Pr
Transaction file : A transaction file is a file which contains new records those changes to old records which are used to update the master file. The problem of file updatio
DECLARATIVE and FILE STATUS Clause: The input-output exception condition in the situation of a direct access files can be handled by a declarative procedure in a manner simila
FILE-CONTROL paragraph for the relative files: The normal format for the SELECT clause for a relative file is as shown below. SELECT file-name ASSIGN TO implementor-nam
PROGRAM FOR IF -ELSE: We have to write a program to check whether the given number is ODD or EVEN. You can use IF..ELSE. Identification division. Program- id. IfElse.
STATEMENTS FOR SEQUENTIAL FILES: A basic operation on a file includes the reading and writing of its records. Whenever the file is sequential, there are three verbs for the
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