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Data Division:
The Data Division is a part of the COBOL program where every data item processed by the program is described.
It is very important to note that unless a data item is explained in the DATA DIVISION, it cannot be used in the procedure division.
The Data Division is divided into a number of sections like Working-storage section, File Section, Linkage section, Screen section, and Report Section. Depending on the use of the data item, it should be defined in the proper section.
DECLARATIVE and FILE STATUS Clause: The input-output exception condition in the situation of a direct access files can be handled by a declarative procedure in a manner simila
RESERVE clause: This clause indicates the number of buffers to be used for the file. Integer-1 specifies this number. ORGANIZATION/ACCESS clause: These two clause
RULES FOR INDEXED TABLES: The rules of indexing a table with an INDEXED phrase are as shown below: (1) If indexing is completed for any one level of a table, then indexing
WRITE statement: The WRITE statement for tape and sequential-disk files has the syntax shown below. WRITE record-name [ FROM identifier ] As a resu
Illustration of simple sort verb: Illustration: Suppose that we have a card file with the following records description in the data division. The names of the work fil
File- Section &Working-Storage Section: a) FILE SECTION: The FILE SECTION includes the explanation of all data items that must be read from or written onto some external
SEQUENTIAL FILES: The purpose of the proposed section is to introduce the concepts such as File characteristics, File Description for Fixed-Length Records, File-Control
PROGRAM FOR SIZE ERROR: We have to write an easy program to elaborate the size error option. Identification division. Program- id. sizeerr. Environment division.
INPUT AND OUTPUT PROCEDURE IN SORT STATEMENT: The common format of the SORT statement can write as shown below: The format of the RELEASE statement is as shown be
Comparison of Nonnumeric Operands: A nonnumeric operand can be compared to the other nonnumeric operand according to the rules as shown below: (i) Fields of Equal Sizes:
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