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Example of Redefines clause:
This illustration describes a sales record that may either contain the total amount of sale or the quantity (QTY) and UNIT-PRICE. The aim of such description may be to have two types of records and their types may be determined from the data item named SALES-TYPE. Based on some predetermined values of SALES-TYPE the record will be interpreted in one of the two forms, Note that the SALES-BY-UNIT and TOTAL-SALES refer to the similar storage space. They actually represent two different mappings of the similar storage region.
The REDEFINES clause as explained above is quite common in use. Though, the clause may be simply used for the aim of conservation of storage space possibly in the working-storage section. In such situations two records having no meaningful connection between them can also be used to share similar storage space provided both of them are not used in the program concurrently. The syntax of the REDEFINES clause is as shown below:
Level-number daa-name-1 REDEFINES data-name-2
GIVING file-name-5. The input files to be merged through the MERGE statements which are specified in the USING phrase. These files should be sequential files and should be
FILE CHARACTERISTICS: The task of file handling is the responsibility of the system software termed as IOCS (Input-Output control system). Record Size: We know that th
SUBTRACT VERB: The SUBTRACT verb is used to subtract one, or the sum of two or more numbers from one or more numbers and to store the result. The form of the SUBTRACT verb
MULTI-DIMENSIONAL TABLES: The type of table which has been considered above is known as one-dimensional table. Whenever a table is such that each of its elements in turn is a
FILE-CONTROL: The FILE-CONTROL paragraph names each and every file and identifies the first medium through file control entries. The basic format of a file control entry is gi
Example of condition names: The illustration below is of the use of the condition names 77 MARITAL-STATUS PIC 9 88 SINGLE VALUE IS ZERO 88 MA
UPDATING OF THE RELATIVE AND INDEXED FILES: The Sequential files are updated by creating a new master file from an existing old master file and a transaction file. Such an Upda
READ STATEMENT: The aim of this verb is to make available the next logical record from the input file. It is important to note the meaning of the "next" logical record in the
PROGRAM FOR PERFORM - THRU: We have to write a program to elaborate PERFORM ...THRU statement Identification division. Program- id. Perfthru. Environment division.
LEVEL NUMBERS: The COBOL makes use of the level number concept to explain the hierarchical data structure. A level number is a 2 digit number. The permitted level numbers a
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