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FILE CHARACTERISTICS:
The task of file handling is the responsibility of the system software termed as IOCS (Input-Output control system).
Record Size:
We know that the records of a card file should consist of 80 characters (but this can vary with the model and make of the printer). The size of the records in a tape or a disk file, on the other hand, may be selected by the programmer.
Identification Division: The Identification Division is the first division of each and every COBOL source program. The paragraph PROGRAM-ID is necessary in most of the mac
INDEXED TABLES: The OCCURS clause that is used to define tables can optionally have an INDEXED phrase. This phrase involves the names of data items which are to be used as sub
PROGRAM FOR RENAMES CLAUSE: identification division. program- id. environment division. data division. working-storage section. 01 emp. 02 empdet.
RULES OF MOVE VERB: The Data movement is managed by the rules which are as shown below: (a) The contents of the identifier - 1 or the value of the literal - 1 is moved to
Illustration of Perform with varying option: A) Perform para-3 varying the k from 1 by 1 until k > 10. Here para-3 will be constantly executed 10 times (For k=1,2,3, .....1
READ STATEMENTS: The common format for the read statements is as shown bellow. Format 1: READ file-name RECORD [ INTO identifier ] [ ; AT END imperative-s
PROGRAM FOR INDEXED SEQUENTIAL FILE CREATION (RANDOM MODE): We have to write a program to create an Indexed Sequential File in random mode for Student particulars. Suppose jus
IF ... ELSE STATEMENT: We are familiar with an easy form of the IF statement. The common form of the IF statement is as shown below: Each of the statement-1 and statem
Character Set: To study any language, first one should know the alphabets of the language and they are termed as character set in general. There are 50 different characters in
Encryption and Decryption
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