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NONSTANDARD CLAUSES:
The various clauses explained above are as per the ANSI standard. Also, most compilers provide for additional nonstandard clauses to meet the specific necessities of the corresponding computer.
Illustration of file-description entries:
FD FILE - A
RECORD CONTAINS 130 CHARACTERS
BLOCK CONTAINS 20 RECORDS
DATA RECORD IS FIRST-RECORD
LABEL RECORDS ARE STANDARD
VALUE OF ID IS "MY-LIFE".
01 FIRST-RECORD PIC X(130).
Plus Sign - edit characters for numeric data: + (Plus Sign) : A plus sign is alike to minus sign except that when the item is positive, +sign will be inserted rather th
B (Blank Insertion) : The occurrence of a B anyplace in the picture will insert a space character in the edited data. There can be more than one B in the picture. Examples:
Common form of the READ statements: Format 1 is the common form of the READ statements. Format 2 is used when the access mode is either random or dynamic. For illustration,
PROGRAM TO FIND INTEREST ON BANK DEPOSITS: We have to write a program to find interest on deposits. The criteria is given below : identification division. program-
calculate simple interest
PERFORM STATEMENT: The PERFORM statement can be used to execute the group of consecutive statements written elsewhere in the program. We refer to this group of statements a
Example of Sign condition: The illustration below describes the use of the sign condition. Illustration: 77 BALANCE PIC S9 (6) V99. . . I
Valid and Invalid Word - Cobol words: Valid Word Invalid Word & Reason emp-sal -pay ( it starts with a hyphen) TOTAL MARK (blank space em
LABEL RECORD CLAUSE: This clause specifies whether or not the standard header and trailer labels must be present in the magnetic-tape files. VALUE OF CLAUSE: The VAL
RULES FOR INDEXED TABLES: The rules of indexing a table with an INDEXED phrase are as shown below: (1) If indexing is completed for any one level of a table, then indexing
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