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Explain data independence ?
Data independence is the capacity to modify the schema at one stage of a database system without having to change the schema at the further level. The three-schema architecture permits the feature of data independence. Data independence occurs since while the schema is changed at a few level, the schema at the further level remains unchanged; only the mapping among the two levels is changed.
" Wound-wait" scheme : It is based on a preemptive method. It is based on a simple rule: If Ti requests a database resource that is held by Tj
Consider a table student (std_id, std_name, date_of_birth, percent_marks, dept_name). Write a QBE query to display names of Computer Science department students who have scored mo
external and internal mapping with examples
Which database level is closest to the users? External database level is closest to the users.
What are the three fundamental operations that are regular to MySQL Programs? a) Establishing a connection to the MySQL server b) Choosing a database. c) Disconnecting fr
The Structured Query Language INTRODUCTION Database is an organised set of information about an entity having controlled redundancy and serves numerous applications. DBMS
What is entity in DBMS? Entity: A DBMS entity is either a thing in the modelled world or a drawing element in an ERD.
BCNF Boyce-Codd Normal Form A relation schema R is in BCNF if it is in 3NF and accepts an additional constraint that for every FD X A, X has to be a candidate key. If a relati
What is Gathering information and Producing ERD Gathering information: This could be a written document that explains the system in question with reasonable quantity of detai
What is the use of Union and intersection operation? Union: The result of this operation contains all tuples that are either in r1 or in r2 or in both r1 and r2.Duplicate tuple
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