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Define physical and logical data independence. How does this architecture help in achieving these?
Data independence entails that change in one view must not need a change in the view(s) above. There are two sorts of data independence: logical and physical. The meaning of Logical data independence is that the conceptual view can be changed without influencing the existing external view, that is a given record may be spilt or combined along with other records but the external views need not be modified to reflect this. The meaning of Physical data independence is that the physical storage structures or devices employed to store the data can be changed without effecting the existing conceptual view or external view, that is if earlier indexed sequential files are employed to store data and then the B- trees are used, even then the upper layers must not be effected.
Using Relational Algebra which query finds customers, who have a balance of over 1000 ? Using Relational Algebra Π Customer_name( σ balance >1000(Deposit)) is query to find cu
how to find entities
database help
For the question given below, you are required to submit design and implementation documentation as described over the page. Design, implement (in Java), test and document a set of
Describe Hashing in DBMS? Hashing: Hashing is a technique to store data within an array so which storing, searching, inserting and deleting data is fast (in theory it's O(1))
Explain Foreign Key? Foreign Key - Let there are two relations (tables) R and S. Any candidate key of the relation R that is referred within the relation S is known as the fo
Dirty Reads: T10 reads a value which is updated by T9. This update has not been committed and T9 aborts. T9 T10 Value of x old value = 200
Self-Join: In a self join a table is joined with itself. Let consider the following sample partial data of EMP table EMPNO ENAME MGRID
Draw an ER diagram for company''s database schema
Benefits of heap files 1. This is a easy file Organisation method. 2. Insertion is somehow capable. 3. Good for bulk-loading data into a table. 4. Best if file
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