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Define physical and logical data independence. How does this architecture help in achieving these?
Data independence entails that change in one view must not need a change in the view(s) above. There are two sorts of data independence: logical and physical. The meaning of Logical data independence is that the conceptual view can be changed without influencing the existing external view, that is a given record may be spilt or combined along with other records but the external views need not be modified to reflect this. The meaning of Physical data independence is that the physical storage structures or devices employed to store the data can be changed without effecting the existing conceptual view or external view, that is if earlier indexed sequential files are employed to store data and then the B- trees are used, even then the upper layers must not be effected.
Explain the Role of a database administrator a. Defining the Schema The DBA describes the schema which consists of the structure of the data in the application. The DBA
Explain the benefit of OOM. Main benefits of object oriented modeling are development of system become fast, quality of the system get improve. It gives freedom of use of alrea
Define the terms entity, attribute, role and relationship between the entities, giving examples for each of them. Ans: Entity: An entity is a "thing" or "object" in th
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Your friend owns and operates a wholesale shoe business with annual revenues of $5 million dollars. His wholesale business specializes in supplying and supporting retailers with sh
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What is the difference between link and reference? The fundamental difference between links and references is that links are symmetrical on the other hand references refer only
Data Fragmentation "Fragmentation includes decomposing the data in relation to non-overlapping component relations". Why do we require fragmenting a relation?
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