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Define physical and logical data independence. How does this architecture help in achieving these?
Data independence entails that change in one view must not need a change in the view(s) above. There are two sorts of data independence: logical and physical. The meaning of Logical data independence is that the conceptual view can be changed without influencing the existing external view, that is a given record may be spilt or combined along with other records but the external views need not be modified to reflect this. The meaning of Physical data independence is that the physical storage structures or devices employed to store the data can be changed without effecting the existing conceptual view or external view, that is if earlier indexed sequential files are employed to store data and then the B- trees are used, even then the upper layers must not be effected.
Multi-Key File Organisation In this part, we will introduce two basic file Organisation schemes that permit records to be accessed by more than one key field, therefore, allowi
What function divides one numeric expression by another and returns the remainder? MOD function divides one numeric expression by another and returns the remainder.
Explain the term- Data Flows Data Flows: A data flow connects output of an object or process to input of another process or object. It represents an in-between data value wit
Briefly explain the state diagram by taking one example. State Diagram - An object can be given a sequence of input instructions. The state of the object can vary depending u
I need web security expert , website management Project Description: i want professional for the below . website management server management database management
Define the term Domain. For each n every attribute there is a set of permitted values known as the domain of that attribute.
What are the states of transaction? The states of transaction are:- a) Active b) Partially committed c) Failed d) Aborted e )Committed f) Terminated
Create an entity relationship diagram, Database Management System
What is storage manager? A storage manager is a program module that gives the interface among the low level data keeps in a database and the application programs and queries su
What is an object ID? Each class-derived table has an ID for primary key, one or more object IDs form primary key for association derived tables. An object ID is equivalent dat
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