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Define physical and logical data independence. How does this architecture help in achieving these?
Data independence entails that change in one view must not need a change in the view(s) above. There are two sorts of data independence: logical and physical. The meaning of Logical data independence is that the conceptual view can be changed without influencing the existing external view, that is a given record may be spilt or combined along with other records but the external views need not be modified to reflect this. The meaning of Physical data independence is that the physical storage structures or devices employed to store the data can be changed without effecting the existing conceptual view or external view, that is if earlier indexed sequential files are employed to store data and then the B- trees are used, even then the upper layers must not be effected.
How Relational Calculus is different from Relational Algebra? What do understand by TRC queries and DRC queries? Ans: Relational calculus contain two calculi, the tuple relati
Data Scrubbing 70,000 records Project Description: We need services of a developer competent in data cleansing/Data scrubbing. Scope: - 70,000 records in CSV format.
In a relational model how relations are termed? In a relational model, relations are termed as tables. (The term ‘relation’ is the technical name of the ‘table’ in RDBMS)
discuss the array implementation of a stack.
Mixed fragmentation: Sometimes, horizontal fragmentation or vertical fragmentation of a database schema by itself is insufficient to sufficiently distribute the data for some appli
Functional Dependency Consider a relation R that has 2 attributes A and B. The attribute B of the relation is functionally dependent on the attribute A if and only if for every
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Distributed Database Management System
It can be easily defined as: The database must not have any unmatched foreign key values. The term "unmatched foreign key value" means a foreign key value for which there doe
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