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Define physical and logical data independence. How does this architecture help in achieving these?
Data independence entails that change in one view must not need a change in the view(s) above. There are two sorts of data independence: logical and physical. The meaning of Logical data independence is that the conceptual view can be changed without influencing the existing external view, that is a given record may be spilt or combined along with other records but the external views need not be modified to reflect this. The meaning of Physical data independence is that the physical storage structures or devices employed to store the data can be changed without effecting the existing conceptual view or external view, that is if earlier indexed sequential files are employed to store data and then the B- trees are used, even then the upper layers must not be effected.
Normalize the given relation to 3NF, justifying each step
INSERT INTO command : Values can be inserted for all columns or for the selected columns Values can be given by sub query. In place of values parameter substitution
Why is database design important?
10A.53 Code an Oracle Database trigger to enforce the constraint that an employee can never change his or her department. 10A.54 Code an Oracle Database trigger to allow the delet
In this programming assignment, you will develop a simple database of student records. Here are the requirements: 1) A student record contains a name and a number. We assume tha
Type of database technology
Creating views with check option : This option limits those updates of data values that cause records to go off the view. The following instance tells this in more detail: Examp
Problem 1. Write the SQL queries using Data Manipulation Language (DML) statements. Insert values into student table with field names using insert command Display the
#question. Draw a picture of a moving source and the waves surrounding it according to what you observed in this experiment. How does the spacing of the wave-fronts in front of the
Every simple attribute of an entity type have a possible set of values that can be attached to it. This is known as the domain of an attribute. An attribute cannot have a value out
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