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Define physical and logical data independence. How does this architecture help in achieving these?
Data independence entails that change in one view must not need a change in the view(s) above. There are two sorts of data independence: logical and physical. The meaning of Logical data independence is that the conceptual view can be changed without influencing the existing external view, that is a given record may be spilt or combined along with other records but the external views need not be modified to reflect this. The meaning of Physical data independence is that the physical storage structures or devices employed to store the data can be changed without effecting the existing conceptual view or external view, that is if earlier indexed sequential files are employed to store data and then the B- trees are used, even then the upper layers must not be effected.
INTRODUCTION Databases and database systems have become an essential part of our daily life. We encounter many activities that involve some interaction with a database almost
Explain Two phase locking protocol A transaction is consider as to follow the two-phase locking protocol if all locking operations precede the first unlock operation in the tra
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Consider employee (e_no, e_name, e_salary, d_code), dept (d_code, d_name) and dependent (depndt_name, e_no, relation). Show the names of employees in purchase and accounts departm
Which two tools are used to administer users for Active Directory?
About Attribute inheritance
Compare wait-die deadlock prevention scheme with wait-wound scheme Ans: Wait-Die Scheme a) Based upon a nonpreemptive technique. b) If Pi requests a resource present
The aims of the project are: 1. To enable the students to undertake the detailed design of a specific plant or process 2. The design projects includes: process selection; und
What is assertion? Mention the forms available. An assertion is a predicate expressing a condition that we wish the database always to satisfy. Domain integrity constraints.
Consistency: This property makes sure that a complete transaction implementation takes a database from one consistent state to another consistent state. If the transaction fails e
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