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Define physical and logical data independence. How does this architecture help in achieving these?
Data independence entails that change in one view must not need a change in the view(s) above. There are two sorts of data independence: logical and physical. The meaning of Logical data independence is that the conceptual view can be changed without influencing the existing external view, that is a given record may be spilt or combined along with other records but the external views need not be modified to reflect this. The meaning of Physical data independence is that the physical storage structures or devices employed to store the data can be changed without effecting the existing conceptual view or external view, that is if earlier indexed sequential files are employed to store data and then the B- trees are used, even then the upper layers must not be effected.
Deadlock Prevention One of the easiest approaches for avoiding a deadlock would be to obtain all the locks at the begin of the transaction. Though, this approach restricts conc
er diagtram for icici
1.Why we need data mining? Give an example to illustrate your answer. 2. Why data mining is considered as "misleading name"? 3. Distinguish the difference between database an
System level permissions : With the use of data dictionary you can view them. Let us take the table name as user_sys_privs (used in oracle). DESCRIBE USER_SYS_PRI
What is meant by buffer blocks and disk buffer The blocks residing temporarily in main memory are referred to as buffer blocks. The area of memory where blocks reside t
What is Thread splitting A thread of control is a path by which a set of state diagrams on that a single object is active at a time. Objects are shared between threads
What are the disadvantages of file-processing system? Ans: The Disadvantages of File-Processing System a. Data redundancy and inconsistency - Data redundancy means not nece
Use Access 2007 to create a database called UniLib.mdb. - this file should be created on your personal drive at the university (or C: if you're using Access 2007 at home) and t
Why DML is used for? DML is used to Manipulation and processing of database. DML is provided for manipulation & processing of database. (Data stored in the database is processed
Consider the subsequent relations RENTER(rno, fname, lname, address, tel_no, pref_type, max_rent) VIEWING(rno, pno, date, comment) PROPERTY_FOR_RENT( pno, street, area ,city,
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