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Define physical and logical data independence. How does this architecture help in achieving these?
Data independence entails that change in one view must not need a change in the view(s) above. There are two sorts of data independence: logical and physical. The meaning of Logical data independence is that the conceptual view can be changed without influencing the existing external view, that is a given record may be spilt or combined along with other records but the external views need not be modified to reflect this. The meaning of Physical data independence is that the physical storage structures or devices employed to store the data can be changed without effecting the existing conceptual view or external view, that is if earlier indexed sequential files are employed to store data and then the B- trees are used, even then the upper layers must not be effected.
In how many parts events are classified Events are classified as four types in UML 1. Signals 2. Calls 3. Passing of Time 4. Change in State
A View may be defined of as a virtual table, that is, a table that does not really exist in its own right but is instead inferred from one or more underlying base data table. T
What is a Name? A user-supplied name is used for identity. This form of identity is used for files in file systems. The user gives every file a name that uniquely identifies it
Synonyms It allows short names or alternative names for objects. Example : CREATE SYNONYM D30 FOR EMPD30; Now if we give command:
Process of Adjustment of inheritance During object design, inheritance is readjusted by rearranging classes and operations, and abstracting common behaviour.
Consider the two relations given below Given that A is the primary key of R, D is the primary key of S and there is a referential integrity among S.A and R.A, discuss all
Explain weak and strong entity type ? Weak and Strong entity type: An entity set which does not have a primary key is referred to as a weak entity set. The existence of a wea
explain the steps for reduction of er model into relational model?
i am not clear with the climetic condition of the north indian plain. can u plz explain it for me
It can be easily defined as: The database must not have any unmatched foreign key values. The term "unmatched foreign key value" means a foreign key value for which there doe
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