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Define physical and logical data independence. How does this architecture help in achieving these?
Data independence entails that change in one view must not need a change in the view(s) above. There are two sorts of data independence: logical and physical. The meaning of Logical data independence is that the conceptual view can be changed without influencing the existing external view, that is a given record may be spilt or combined along with other records but the external views need not be modified to reflect this. The meaning of Physical data independence is that the physical storage structures or devices employed to store the data can be changed without effecting the existing conceptual view or external view, that is if earlier indexed sequential files are employed to store data and then the B- trees are used, even then the upper layers must not be effected.
Describe integrity constraints? Integrity Constraints - A database is just as excellent as the information stored in it, and a DBMS must therefore help avoid the entry of inc
Define seek time. The time for repositioning the arm is known as the seek time and it enhances with the distance that the arm is known as the seek time.
Your OS has a set of queues, each of which is protected by a lock. To enqueue or dequeue an item, a thread must hold the lock associated to the queue. You need to implement an a
The First Normal Form (1NF) Let us first describe 1NF: Definition: A relation (table) is in 1NF if 1. There are no duplicate tuples or rows in the relation. 2.
The Assessment page has a link to download a conceptual model, and a list of data. You are to map this conceptual model, and create the database in Oracle using your own DDL. T
What are the properties in a relation ? In a relation Ordering of rows is immaterial and No two rows are identical.
What is meant by buffer blocks and disk buffer The blocks residing temporarily in main memory are referred to as buffer blocks. The area of memory where blocks reside t
QUESTION (a)(i) Define the term database. (ii) How is it different from a database management system? (b) What is the difference between an entity and an attribute? (c
Explain the term - Handling Boundary Condition These are some circumstances that to be handled in any system initialization and termination. Describes how system is bro
Primary index A primary index is a file that has a sorted series of records having two columns: a block address for that key field in the data file; and the ordering key field.
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