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Define physical and logical data independence. How does this architecture help in achieving these?
Data independence entails that change in one view must not need a change in the view(s) above. There are two sorts of data independence: logical and physical. The meaning of Logical data independence is that the conceptual view can be changed without influencing the existing external view, that is a given record may be spilt or combined along with other records but the external views need not be modified to reflect this. The meaning of Physical data independence is that the physical storage structures or devices employed to store the data can be changed without effecting the existing conceptual view or external view, that is if earlier indexed sequential files are employed to store data and then the B- trees are used, even then the upper layers must not be effected.
Explain CNT in the respects of QBE ? CNT: It is one of the aggregation commands given in QBE. It is used to identify number of tuples
what are the main characteristics of database
1. Create a subroutine that does the remote blast on the file protein.fa. 2. Pass that returned files from the blast to another subroutine that parses the output and sends it to
The clause in SQL which specifies that the query result should be sorted in ascending or descending order based upon the values of one or much more columns is Ans : Order by
Complexity : A distributed DBMS that is available, reliable, and secure is inherently more difficult than a centralised DBMS. Though, adequate data replication is essential to have
Consider the following relations: BRANCH( bno, street, area, city, pcode, Tel_no, Fax_no) STAFF( Sno, Fname, Lname, address, position , salary, bno) Express the subsequent qu
Derived horizontal fragmentation: Some applications may include a join of two or more relations. If the relations are stored at dissimilar locations, there may be a major overhead
Suppose R is a relation with attributes A1, A2,..., An. As a function of n, tell how many superkeys R has, if: 1.1 The only key is A1. 1.2 The only key is A1 and A2. 1.3 The o
Normalize the following table upto and including the 3NF. Submit a 1 page printout of only the final set of normalized tables in Data Architect. Just use Data Architect to do the t
You are managing the following database system: • DBMS: Oracle 11g • OS: Sun Solaris • System architecture: Web-based application using ASP.Net • Purpose of Server: HR managem
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