Uses of Stones

Stones are used in the following civil engineering constructions are described:

(i) Stone masonry which is used for the construction of foundations, , columns , walls and arches.

(ii) Stones are used or flooring.

(iii) Stone slabs are utilized as damp proof courses, lintels and even as roofing materials.

(iv) Stones having good appearance are used for the face works of buildings. Polished marbles and granite are normally used for face works.

(v) Stones are utilized for footpaths, paving of roads, and open spaces round the buildings.

(vi) Stones are also utilized in the constructions of piers and abutments of, dams, bridges and retaining walls.

(vii) Crushed stones having graved are utilized to provide base course for roads. When mixed with tar they form finishing coat.

(viii) Crushed stones are utilized in the following works also:

• For making building blocks and artificial stones
• As a basic inert material in concrete
• As railway ballast.