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START STATEMENT:
The START statement places the files to the initial logical record whose record key satisfies the condition specified by the KEY phrase. The access mode should be SEQUENTIAL or DYNAMIC and the file should be opened in the I-O mode.
Buffers: The Modern computers are able of handling I-O operations independent of the CPU by means of the hardware termed as data channel. For illustration, if two buffers a
Rules of read statements: The next record is identified according to the rules as shown below: (i) Whenever the READ NEXT statement is the initial statement to be executed
PROGRAM FOR INDEXED SEQUENTIAL FILE CREATION: We have to write a program to create an Indexed Sequential File in a dynamic mode for Student particulars. Suppose just 3 fields:
Structure of a COBOL Program: Every COBOL program should have the 4 divisions in the order in which they are specified below: 1. Identification division 2. Environment D
REWRITE STATEMENT: As in the situation of a relative file, the REWRITE statement needs that the file should be opened in the I-O mode, and if the SEQENTIAL access mode is spec
ARITHMETIC VERBS: Most of the problems need some computations to be performed on the input or intermediate data that are numeric in nature. The Arithmetic verbs are used to pe
Edit Characters for Numeric Data: The characters below can be used in the PICTURE clause to indicate the editing. Z * $ - + CR DB . , B O /
PROGRAM TO DEMONSTRATE MERGE VERB: The two files for which a record having 2 fields viz. Account Number and Name are already available. Now Merge these two files and create a
UPDATING OF THE RELATIVE AND INDEXED FILES: The Sequential files are updated by creating a new master file from an existing old master file and a transaction file. Such an Upda
WRITE Statement: The WRITE statement for a relative file has the format which is as shown below. WRITE record-name [ FORM identifier ]
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