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Rules of read statements:
The next record is identified according to the rules as shown below:
(i) Whenever the READ NEXT statement is the initial statement to be executed after the open statement on the file, the next record is the initial record of the file.
(ii) Whenever the execution of the READ NEXT statement follows the execution of the other READ statement on similar file (format 2 or format 3), the next record is the record following the one previously read.
(iii) Whenever the execution of the READ NEXT statement follows the execution of the start statement.
File volatility: File volatility associates to the number of times the updating of records are needed during some time period. File interrogation: Some files hold re
PERFORM WITH VARYING OPTION: The format is as shown below:
RULES OF REDEFINES CLAUSE The rules shown below govern the use of the REDEFINES clause: (i) The level-number of data-name-1 and data-name-2 should be identical. (ii) Exce
Edit Characters for Numeric Data: The characters below can be used in the PICTURE clause to indicate the editing. Z * $ - + CR DB . , B O /
DISPLAY STATEMENT: The function of the DISPLAY statement is just opposite to that of the ACCEPT statement. It is used to display the low-volume results on the operator's co
READ STATEMENT: The aim of this verb is to make available the next logical record from the input file. It is important to note the meaning of the "next" logical record in the
PROGRAM FOR PERFORM - THRU: We have to write a program to elaborate PERFORM ...THRU statement Identification division. Program- id. Perfthru. Environment division.
Minus sign - edit characters for numeric data: The minus sign can appear either at the leftmost or rightmost location of the picture. If an item is negative, a minus sign will
Common form of the READ statements: Format 1 is the common form of the READ statements. Format 2 is used when the access mode is either random or dynamic. For illustration,
Selection of file Organization: While designing a file, the programmer should select an appropriate association for a file. The order in which the choice is to be made is as s
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