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Rules of read statements:
The next record is identified according to the rules as shown below:
(i) Whenever the READ NEXT statement is the initial statement to be executed after the open statement on the file, the next record is the initial record of the file.
(ii) Whenever the execution of the READ NEXT statement follows the execution of the other READ statement on similar file (format 2 or format 3), the next record is the record following the one previously read.
(iii) Whenever the execution of the READ NEXT statement follows the execution of the start statement.
ACCEPT STATEMENT: The ACCEPT statement is used to read the low-volume data from the operator's console, several other hardware device or from the operating system. The common
Picture Clause: The picture clause explains the general characteristics of an elementary data item. These characteristics are elaborated below: Class: In COBOL the
Program for Sequential File Creation & Rewriting We have to write a program to create a Length file with just two fields: l (Length) and l-c (Length-Code). Add a few records.
RULES OF REDEFINES CLAUSE The rules shown below govern the use of the REDEFINES clause: (i) The level-number of data-name-1 and data-name-2 should be identical. (ii) Exce
LEVEL NUMBERS: The COBOL makes use of the level number concept to explain the hierarchical data structure. A level number is a 2 digit number. The permitted level numbers a
RULES FOR SEARCH VERB: The rules apply for the SEARCH verb is as shown below: (1) The SEARCH verb can be applied only to a table that has the OCCURS clause and INDEXED phra
INPUT AND OUTPUT PROCEDURE IN SORT STATEMENT: The common format of the SORT statement can write as shown below: The format of the RELEASE statement is as shown be
Transaction file : A transaction file is a file which contains new records those changes to old records which are used to update the master file. The problem of file updatio
Non numeric: The nonnumeric literal is used in normal to output messages or headings. The Characters which are enclosed between " " constitute nonnumeric literal. The maximum
File Description for the Relative and Indexed Files: The FD entry for a relative or an indexed file is similar to that of a sequential file. Some compilers do not permit varia
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