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FILE-CONTROL paragraph for the relative files:
The normal format for the SELECT clause for a relative file is as shown below.
SELECT file-name ASSIGN TO implementor-name
[; FILE STATUS IS data-name-2]
Whether the file must be used successively or randomly, must specified through the word SEQUNTIALLY or RANDOMLY in the access mode clause the clause ACCESS MODE IS DYNAMIC it represents that the file is accessed sequentially and / or randomly in the PROCEDURE DIVISION.
RULES OF MOVE VERB: The Data movement is managed by the rules which are as shown below: (a) The contents of the identifier - 1 or the value of the literal - 1 is moved to
PROGRAM FOR SUBTRACT VERB: We have to write a simple program to elaborate the SUBTRACT verb. You can also use edit characters in the program. Identification division. Pr
SUBTRACT VERB: The SUBTRACT verb is used to subtract one, or the sum of two or more numbers from one or more numbers and to store the result. The form of the SUBTRACT verb
Non numeric: The nonnumeric literal is used in normal to output messages or headings. The Characters which are enclosed between " " constitute nonnumeric literal. The maximum
B (Blank Insertion) : The occurrence of a B anyplace in the picture will insert a space character in the edited data. There can be more than one B in the picture. Examples:
Point Location: The position of the decimal point is the other characteristic which can be specified in the case of the numeric data items. If the position is not specified, t
Picture Clause: The picture clause explains the general characteristics of an elementary data item. These characteristics are elaborated below: Class: In COBOL the
ROUNDED OPTION: Let us consider the DATA DIVISION entries which are as shown below: Now, subsequent to the execution of the statement ADD A B GIVING C, the C will hold
File Activity: The file activity is a measure of the proportion of records processed during an update run. Therefore we define the activity ration as shown below. Activi
Example of constructing an arithmetic expression: An arithmetic expression may be proceeded by a + or - sign. These operations are known as unary + or unary - operators. Il
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