HARDY - WEINBERG LAW -

1. Proposed by G.H. Hardy and W. Weinberg in 1908 independently.
2. The law states "the frequency of genes or alleles in a population remains constant through generations if all other factors are constant", this is called genetic equilibrium, evolution occurs when this equilibrium is deviated.
3. Hereditary conservation of genes is the characteristic of a population.
4. The extent of evolution depends upon the degree of deviation. Thus it provides a tool to the geneticist to determine when evolution is going to occur.
5. Gene frequency is the frequency of a particular allele occurs in a population.
6. The change in gene frequency is the indication of evolutionary change in undergoing population.
7. Basic processes affect the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium to cause variation at genetic level, these are mutation, recombination, gene migration, genetic drift, natural selection, Hybridization and Isolation.