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FILE-CONTROL paragraph for the indexed files:
The common format for the SELECT clause for a file is as shown below:
SELECT file-name ASSIGN TO implementor -name
The ORGANIZATION clause specifies that the file is an indexed file. The RECORD KEY clause indicates the record key data item on the basis of which the file is sequenced. The field that is specified in the RECORD KEY clause (data-name-1) is also termed as the primary key. Whereas the files are stored on the basis of the prime key, that is the records of an alternative key.
UPDATING OF THE RELATIVE AND INDEXED FILES: The Sequential files are updated by creating a new master file from an existing old master file and a transaction file. Such an Upda
Identification Division: The Identification Division is the first division of each and every COBOL source program. The paragraph PROGRAM-ID is necessary in most of the mac
Example of Open statement: Illustration: The OPEN INPUT TRANSACTION, OLD-MASTER OUTPUT NEW-MASTER. The illustration represents that there are two input files named the
Minus sign - edit characters for numeric data: The minus sign can appear either at the leftmost or rightmost location of the picture. If an item is negative, a minus sign will
SEARCH VERB: The SEARCH verb is used to position elements in one-dimensional tables. Let us consider the following problem. Assume that each element of a table consists of thr
Example of Move corresponding: Consider the DATA DIVISION entries shown below. Suppose it is needed that the data stored in the 4 fields of the PAY_REC should be
Structure of a COBOL Program: Every COBOL program should have the 4 divisions in the order in which they are specified below: 1. Identification division 2. Environment D
NEGATED SIMPLE CONDITION: Any of the easy condition explained can be preceded by the logical operator NOT. The consequence of placing the operator NOT before an easy condition
Second form of Divide verb: The second form of this verb is as shown below: In this situation the identifier-1 or numeric- literal-1 will be divided by identifier-2 or
VALUE CLAUSE: The value clause defines the preliminary value of the data item. Normally initialization will be completed just before the first statement in the procedure di
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