Explain some points regarding to hardness, Civil Engineering

Assignment Help:

Explain Some Points regarding to Hardness

1) Hardness removal using lime and soda is based on the solubility reactions of calcium carbonate, CaCO3 and magnesium hydroxide, Mg(OH)2  

2) Precipitate Ca+2 as CaCO3 and Mg+2 as Mg(OH)2 

3) pH must be raised to 10.3 for Ca+2 removal and to about 11 for Mg+2 removal

4) Remove Ca-CH, Mg-CH and Ca-NCH and Mg-NCH in that order because the cost of removal increases in the same order

5) Leave as much Mg hardness as possible and as much NCH as possible, but Mg Conc. of above 40 mg/l as CaCO3 causes problems 

6) It is a common practice to use a minimum of 20 mg/l as CaCO3 of excess lime to achieve reasonable removal.


Related Discussions:- Explain some points regarding to hardness

Determine the soil shrinkage, Soil at a borrow area has a total unit weight...

Soil at a borrow area has a total unit weight of 120-PCF and a water content of 15 percent.  The soil from the borrow area will be used as structural fill and compacted to an avera

Culverts - causeway and bridges, Culverts, Causeway and Bridges: Roads...

Culverts, Causeway and Bridges: Roads have to cross several natural streams like - rivers and canals. They also have to cross railway lines and cross-roads. The structures nee

Energy equation, find the pressure head at 2-2 if the rate of flow in pipe ...

find the pressure head at 2-2 if the rate of flow in pipe is 0.36m^3/s

Mathcad prime2.0, I want to ask about mathcad prime 2.0, when I want to sav...

I want to ask about mathcad prime 2.0, when I want to save my work it shows that I can''t save it because Excel is busy ,, what I have to do to fix this problem ??

Calculate the horizontal distance, Calculate the Horizontal Distance A ...

Calculate the Horizontal Distance A surveyor's total station measured slope distance near station 3245+26.35 is recorded as 437.380-m with a zenith angle of 118º 48' 07" and a

Explain a critical path - construction management, Explain a Critical Path ...

Explain a Critical Path The series of activities which determines the earliest possible date of project completion Usually defined as those activities with minimal or

Passenger conveyors, Passenger Conveyors: Passenger conveyors are used...

Passenger Conveyors: Passenger conveyors are used at locations where a large concentration of passengers has to be moved from one place to another. Escalators are used to conv

Illustrate layout of corrugated beam barriers, Q. Illustrate Layout of corr...

Q. Illustrate Layout of corrugated beam barriers? Layout of corrugated beam barriers is that the beams are corrugated in the longitudinal direction so as to it provides higher

Write Your Message!

Captcha
Free Assignment Quote

Assured A++ Grade

Get guaranteed satisfaction & time on delivery in every assignment order you paid with us! We ensure premium quality solution document along with free turntin report!

All rights reserved! Copyrights ©2019-2020 ExpertsMind IT Educational Pvt Ltd