Explain fourth group of 32 ascii character code, Electrical Engineering

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Explain Fourth group of 32 ASCII character code?

The fourth, and final, group of 32 ASCII character codes are set aside for the lower case alphabetic symbols, five additional special symbols, and another control character (delete).

 

Note that the lower case character signs use the ASCII codes 61h through 7Ah. If you evaluate the ASCII codes for the upper and lower case characters to binary, you will observe that the upper case symbols differ from their lower case equivalents in exactly one bit position.

 

The merely place these two codes differ is in bit five. Upper case characters forever contain a zero in bit five; lower case alphabetic characters always contain a one in bit five. You can use this information to quickly convert between upper and lower case and if you have an upper case character you can force it to lower case by setting bit five to one same as If you have a lower case character and you wish to force it to upper case, you can do so by setting bit five to zero and You can toggle an alphabetic character between upper and lower case by simply inverting bit five.

 

ASCII CODE

LSB

000

001

010

011

100

101

110

111

0000

NUL

DLE

SP

0

@

P

'

p

0001

SOH

DC1

!

1

A

Q

a

q

0010 

STX 

DC2 

" 

2 

B 

R 

b 

r 

0011 

ETX 

DC3 

# 

3 

C 

S 

c 

s 

0100 

EOT 

DC4 

$ 

4 

D 

T 

d 

t 

0101 

ENQ 

NAK 

% 

5 

E 

U 

e 

u 

0110 

ENQ 

ACK 

& 

6 

F 

V 

f 

v 

0111 

BEL 

ETB 

' 

7 

G 

W 

g 

w 

1000 

BS 

CAN 

( 

8 

H 

X 

h 

x 

1001 

HT 

EM 

) 

9 

I 

Y 

i 

y 

1010 

LF 

SUB 

* 

: 

J 

Z 

j 

z 

1011 

VT 

ESC 

+ 

; 

K 

[ 

k 

{ 

1100 

FF 

FS 

, 

< 

L 

\ 

l 

| 

1101 

CR 

GS 

- 

= 

M 

] 

m 

} 

1110 

SO 

RS 

. 

> 

N 

^ 

n 

~ 

1111 

SI 

US 

/ 

? 

O 

_ 

o 

DEL 

 

Certainly, bits five and six determine which of the four groups in the ASCII character set you're in:

 

Bit 6

Bit 5

Group

0

0

Control Characters

0

1

Digits and Punctuation

1

0

Upper Case and Special

1

1

Lower Case and Special

 

Consider the ASCII codes of the numeric digit characters:

 

Char

Dec

Hex

'0'

48

30

'1'

49

31

'2'

50

32

'3'

51

33

'4'

52

34

'5'

53

35

'6'

54

36

'7'

55

37

'8'

56

38

'9'

57

39

 


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