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Question:
(a) In the context of database security explain how the following database features help to enforce security in the database system:
(i) Authorisation (ii) Access Control (iii) Views
(b) Database security involves measures to avoid loss of privacy and loss of confidentiality. Explain what is meant by the above terms.
(c) Write SQL code to create a view of name Toronto_finance_view that contains the employee last name, the department name and the city of all employees that works in the Finance department located in the city of Toronto.
(d) Write SQL code to give the select privilege to the view created above to Mark and Spencer.
A Deductive Database System can be conceived as a database capable of deducing additional new data from data that is explicitly represented (facts), by applying specified rules of inference to those facts (e) Discuss the main features of a deductive database system, and contrast it with a relational database system. Your discussion should include identifying the role of logic programming in a deductive database.
(f) In the context of deductive databases, explain the following concepts:
Parameter Modes To define the behavior of formal parameters you use the parameter modes. The 3 parameter modes, IN, OUT, & IN OUT, can be used with any subprogram. Though, a
Exceptions An exception is the runtime error or warning condition that can be predefined or user-defined. The Predefined exceptions are raised implicitly through runtime system
Declaring Exceptions The Exceptions can be declared only in the declarative part of the PL/SQL subprogram, block, or package. By introducing its name, you can declare an excep
Using INNER JOIN INNER JOIN is used to retrieve the data from all tables listed based on a condition of equality listed after keyword ON. If the condition is not meet, rows ar
Type versus Representation Confusion in SQL This describes how a value might have two or more distinct representations. For example, user-defined type POINT might have a decla
Packaging Cursors You can split a cursor specification from its body for placement in a package. In that way, you can change the cursor body without changing the cursor spec
Manipulating Local Collections Within PL/SQL, to manipulate the local collection, by using the TABLE and CAST operators . The operands of CAST are a collection declared locally
Forward Declarations The PL/SQL needs that you declare an identifier before using it. And hence, you should declare a subprogram before calling it. For illustration, the decla
LOOP Statements The LOOP statements execute a series of statements at multiple times. The loops enclose the series of statements that is to be repeated. The PL/SQL provides typ
Selecting Objects: Suppose that you have run the SQL*Plus script below that creates object type Person and object table persons, and that you have settled the table: CREATE
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