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Question:
(a) In the context of database security explain how the following database features help to enforce security in the database system:
(i) Authorisation (ii) Access Control (iii) Views
(b) Database security involves measures to avoid loss of privacy and loss of confidentiality. Explain what is meant by the above terms.
(c) Write SQL code to create a view of name Toronto_finance_view that contains the employee last name, the department name and the city of all employees that works in the Finance department located in the city of Toronto.
(d) Write SQL code to give the select privilege to the view created above to Mark and Spencer.
A Deductive Database System can be conceived as a database capable of deducing additional new data from data that is explicitly represented (facts), by applying specified rules of inference to those facts (e) Discuss the main features of a deductive database system, and contrast it with a relational database system. Your discussion should include identifying the role of logic programming in a deductive database.
(f) In the context of deductive databases, explain the following concepts:
Usefulness of Data Type In SQL, as in most computer languages, a type can be used for constraining the values that are permitted to be used for some purpose. In particular, i
Operators on Tables and Rows Row Extraction TUPLE FROM r, SQL has row subqueries. These are just like scalar subqueries except that they may specify more than one column.
Controlling Cursor Variables You use 3 statements to control the cursor variable: OPEN-FOR, FETCH, & CLOSE. At First, you OPEN a cursor variable FOR a multi-row query. Then, y
Datatypes Every constant and variable has a datatype that specifies the storage format, constraints, and the valid range of values. The PL/SQL gives a variety of predefined dat
Transactions in SQL BEGIN TRANSACTION, COMMIT, and ROLLBACK, SQL has the same syntax except for START in place of BEGIN. However, START TRANSACTION is used only for outermost
Use Bulk Binds If SQL statements execute inside a loop using the collection elements as bind variables, context switching between the PL/SQL & SQL engines can slow down the ex
LIKE Operator You use the LIKE operator to compare the character value to a pattern. The Case is significant. LIKE returns the Boolean value TRUE when the character patterns mat
Table Represents an Extension - SQL It describes how each tuple in a relation represents a true instantiation of some predicate and each true instantiation is represented by s
Bulk Fetching The illustration below shows that you can bulk-fetch from a cursor into one or more collections: DECLARE TYPE NameTab IS TABLE OF emp.ename%TYPE; TYPE S
Using COUNT The COUNT returns the number of elements that a collection presently contains. For instance, when a varray projects contains 15 elements, then the following IF con
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