Embryonic Induction and Cell Determination

The cell determination or fate of embryonic cells is regulated through factors which may reside within the embryonic cells or by the factors that originate outside the cell. Actually most differentiated tissues arise by a process that needs interactions with neighboring cells of the embryo. These interactions limit or restrict the probable fate of iodized regions of the embryo. The stimulation of a population of cells to differentiate in a specific direction by another group of cells is termed as induction.

The concept of embryonic induction was first put forward by the German embryologist Harts Spemann and his co-workers salary in this century. Hans Spemann and Hilde Mangold did a mies of grafting experiments using amphibian embryos. They reported that the interaction among neural ectoderm and the underlying chordarnesodermal determines the eventual fate of the neural ectoderm tissue. Following experiments established that earlier to induction of neural ectoderm, the mesoderm itself is induced during blastula stage by the prospective endodermal cells of the, vegetal hemisphere.