Q. Design Control Room for plant?

Some equipment may need to be located inside buildings, but this needs to be justified as it incurs additional cost and can create additional hazards. Typically, buildings are used where the process, equipment, materials or activities are sensitive to exposure of various kinds (e.g. heat, cold, moisture, contamination, damage, or noise).

Since ventilation in a building is generally less than that outdoors, a leak of flammable or toxic material tends to disperse more slowly and a hazardous concentration is more likely to build up. Also, if an explosion occurs, the blast pressure generated tends to be much higher and result in more damage.

Ventilation and/or dust collection systems are required in enclosed storage buildings as well to assist with removal of mobile equipment exhaust and any off-gassing from the product, and minimize dust.

All occupied buildings need to be located away from process areas, upwind of flare, vent and fired equipment, and outside of blast overpressure contours to protect personnel in the event of vapor release, fire or explosion.

Building design and orientation should also address environmental considerations such as prevailing weather direction (wind, dust, rain, snow) and provide adequate shelter for entrances. Car parks shall cater for all site personnel required during normal operation, taking into account shift working and visitors. Shelters may be required in severe climates.