Adrenal gland, Biology

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ADRENAL OR SUPRARENAL GLANDS (GLANDS OF EMERGENCY) -

  • These are paired structures located on the top of the kidneys.
  • Each adrenal gland has two parts external adrenal cortex and internal adrenal medulla.
  • The adrenal cortex is derived from the mesoderm of the embryo & adrenal medulla from the ectoderm.
  • The cortex is surrounded by a fibrous capsule.
  • The adrenal cortex is differentiated into three regions or zones -

             (i) Outer, thin zona glomerulosa (15% of the gland)

             (ii) Middle, thick zona fasciculata (50% of the gland)

             (iii) Inner, thin zona reticularis (7% of the gland).

  • The cells of the zona fasciculata and zona reticularis contain vitamin C (ascorbic acid).

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