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ACTINIUM AND THE ACTINIDES
Following actinium (group 3) are the 14 components of the actinide series (represented by the symbol An) combined with progressive filling of the 5f shell and so analogous to the lanthanides. All are radioactive; their largest-lived isotopes being shown in the progressively shorter half-lives reflect the decreasing stability of heavy nuclei, producing from the changing balance between the attractive strong communication and the repulsive Coulomb forces. Most actinide nuclei undergo α decay by emitting 4He, but for heavier components spontaneous fission into two fragments is an increasingly important alternative decay route.
Only uranium and thorium have half-lives long enough to survive since the formation of the Earth. Thorium is found together with lanthanides in the phosphate mineral monazite (LnPO4), and uranium perform as arnotite K2(UO2)2(VO4)2.3H2O and pitchblende U3O8c. Uranium is principally need as a nuclear fuel, as the isotope 235U undergoes neutron-induced fission, the nucleus divided into two smaller fragments together with more neutrons, which may thus initiate a chain reaction. The energy liberated (about 2×1010 kJ mol-1) is vastly larger than that obtainable from chemical reactions.
Calculate the free energy change of following reaction at298 kelvin H2+I2=2HI if the enthalpy change is 51.8816kj and the entropy change is 166.15j is this reaction thermodyanamica
Calculate the molarmass of a nonelectrolyte that lowers the freezing point of 25.00g of water to -3.9 degrees C when 4.27 g of the substance is dissolved in the water.
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Explain bond dipole for dimethylmagnesium The bond dipole for dimethylmagnesium should show that C is at the negative end of the C-Mg bond, because carbon is more electronegati
markonise and anti markonise
The ionisation potential of a hydrogen atom is -13.6 eV. What will be the energy of the atom corresponding to n= 2 . (1) -3.4 eV (2)-6.8 eV (3) -1.7 eV
Q) Inside the sun four hydrogen nuclei combine to form a helium nucleus by which cycle? Ans) Proton-proton cycle.
1,1-Dimethylcyclohexane is achiral, and therefore cannot be optically active.
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