What is sphincter of oddi dysfunction

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Reference no: EM133855136

Assignment:

Epilepsy drugs, such as primidone (Mysoline), may be effective in people who don't respond to beta blockers. Other medications that might be prescribed include gabapentin (Gralise, Neurontin) and topiramate (Topamax, Qudexy XR). Side effects include drowsiness and nausea, which usually disappear within a short time.

1. What drugs cause Budd-Chiari syndrome?

2. I recently saw a patient with pyrexia of unknown origin (PUO). He was not particularly unwell and not jaundiced. But 1 week later he was found to have a liver abscess on ultrasound. How can one make the diagnosis earlier?

3. What is the most recent management of HCC (hepatocellular carcinoma)? What is radiofrequency ablation? What is its role in the management of HCC and its prognosis?

4. How do you differentiate haemorrhagic ascitic fluid due to malignancy and accidental rupture of blood vessel while withdrawing the fluid?

5. Is there any place for the medical treatment of gallstones with ursodeoxycholic acid?

6. In a case of common bile duct stones, where it is acknowledged that spontaneous passage within 24 hours is observed in approximately 50% of patients provided the stone is small, and that in these cases there is no need for a sphincterotomy, is the use of antispasmodics, e.g. Buscopan (active ingredient hyoscine-N-butylbromide), recommended? Surely these will reduce the pain and improve the chance of a spontaneous release of obstruction without surgical procedure?

7. What is sphincter of Oddi dysfunction?

8. I would like to know: what is the role of lysosomal hydrolases (cathepsin B) in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis?

9. What is the role of octreotide in management of acute pancreatitis?

10. Why does paralytic ileus occur in pancreatitis?

Reference no: EM133855136

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