What is possibility of hepatocellular carcinoma

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Assignment:

Major pharmaceutical companies have limited interest in dedicating resources to the antibiotics market because these short-course drugs are not as profitable as drugs that treat chronic conditions and lifestyle-related ailments, such as high blood pressure or high cholesterol. Antibiotic research and development is also expensive, risky, and time consuming. Return on that investment can be unpredictable, considering that resistance to antibiotics develops over time, eventually making them less effective.

1. I am a third-year student nurse and am currently researching a case study based on the biopsychosocial history of a patient who suffers from chronic hepatitis C, which initially occurred as a result of injecting drugs. I am confused about the biological effect of hepatitis: how exactly does it affect the liver?

2. What are the admission criteria for a case of acute viral hepatitis?

3. I would like to know where I can find details on hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection: chronic carrier, asymptomatic [normal liver function tests, HBV DNA/real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) 240 copies/mL, core less than 0.1]. Does a patient with such a profile need therapy or fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy? What is the possibility of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in such a patient?

4. In chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, when anti-hepatitis B e antibody (anti-HBe) develops (seroconversion), the antigen disappears and there is a rise in alanine transferase (ALT). However, the graph in your book (K&C 7e, p. 337, Fig. 7.16) seems to show a fall in ALT at this point. Which is correct?

5. Interferon can be used in prophylaxis from hepatitis C after exposure. Could you explain how this can be used, and what degree of success can be expected as a result?

6. What is the latest recommended drug treatment for hepatitis C?

7. Can hepatitis C disease be treated in a carrier state completely by giving interferon?

8. I am a carrier of hepatitis C (HCV) and am going to have antiviral treatment soon. Are the side-effects of antiviral treatment for HCV bound to occur? I am very worried.

9. Besides needle-pricks, how else is it possible to contract hepatitis C from a hepatitis C (HCV)-positive patient? Are the patient's skin/sweat (or other bodily secretions) infectious?

10. What is the risk of infection with hepatitis C from blood splashed into the eyes?

Reference no: EM133861135

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