Write definition of the following -

(i) Afflux. ( ii ) Free Board. ( iii ) Clearance. ( iv ) Via duct. ( v ) Skew Bridge ( vi ) Cause Way. ( vii ) Clear Span. ( viii ) Effective span. ( ix ) Over all Span ( x ) Score. ( xi ) Water Way.

Ans.- Afflux - It is the rise in the flood level of the river up stream of the bridge as a result of obstruction to natural flow caused by the construction of the bridge.

Free Board - This is the vertical distance between the high flood level inclusive of afflux and the formation level.

Clearance - This is the vertical distance between the high flood level inclusive of afflux and the bottom most part of bridge super structure like slab girder etc.

Via duct - When the bridge is constructed to cross a valley for railway instead of filling it the bridge as called via duct.

Skew Bridge - When the bridge is not right angle to the axis of river or other such opening it is called a skew bridge.

Cause Way - It is a bridge constructed to pass a flood water over the railway track is called cause way.

Clear Span - It is the clear distance between any two bridge supports like abutments piers etc. Effective span - It is the distance between centers of two adjacent bridge supports.

Over all Span - It is the over all length of girder.

Score - It is the rise in the distance from rail level and bottom of rivers.

Water Way - The area of the opening of a bridge blow super structure through which water flows is called water way.