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WRITE STATEMENT:
The records are written to be logical place as determined from the value of the record key. The INVALID KEY condition occurs in the cases shown below:
(i) When a try is made to write a record beyond the externally defined boundaries of the file.
(ii) Whenever the file is opened in the OUTPUT mode and the value of the record key is not bigger than the value of the record key for the earlier record written.
(iii) When the value of the record key is equivalent to the record key of a record key already present in the file.
WRITE Statement: The WRITE statement for a relative file has the format which is as shown below. WRITE record-name [ FORM identifier ]
RENAMES CLAUSE: At times re-grouping of an elementary data items in a record may be essential so that they can belong to the original as well as to the latest group. This is o
Illustration of the abbreviation: A few illustration of the abbreviation are given below: Illustration: The compound condition AMOUNT GREATER THAN 499 AND AMOUNT L
PROGRAMS FOR REDEFINES CLAUSE: We have to write a simple program to explain the REDEFINES clause at 01 level. identification division. program- id. Redef. environment
cobol program for generate a eb bill
REWRITE STATEMENT: As in the situation of a relative file, the REWRITE statement needs that the file should be opened in the I-O mode, and if the SEQENTIAL access mode is spec
Direct Organization: Besides the relative or indexed organization, also a direct access file can be designed to have what is termed as direct organization. In this organizati
Transaction file : A transaction file is a file which contains new records those changes to old records which are used to update the master file. The problem of file updatio
BLANK WHEN ZERO: BLANK WHEN ZERO is an editing clause that may be used along with a picture. This will set the whole data item to blanks of its value is equal to zero. Though,
RELATIONAL CONDITION: We know that a relational condition specifies a comparison between two operands and has the form. Operand-1 relational-operator operand-2
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