QUESTION 1

(a) The grouping of organizational activities (usually into 'departments' or larger 'divisions') can be done in different ways. Outline 7 criteria which can be used for the grouping of organizational activities briefly explaining how each of the criteria influences the grouping

(b) Why do organizations need a structure?

QUESTION 2

(a) Why must management delegate few authority and responsibility in large complex organizations?

(b) Why, in practice, many managers are reluctant to delegate and attempt to do many routine matters themselves in addition to their more important duties?