What is phosphorylation? What are some biological processes in which phosphorylation plays a critical role?

Phosphorylation is the name given to processes of the addition of phosphates to some molecules therefore making these molecules more energized. Phosphorylation has a significant role, for example, in photosynthesis (the photophosphorylation of the light phase) and in aerobic respiration (oxidative phosphorylation of the respiratory chain). In general the phosphate used in phosphorylation comes from ATP molecules.