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Using %TYPEThe %TYPE attribute gives the datatype of a variable or the database column. In the example below, the %TYPE gives the datatype of a variable:credit REAL(7,2);debit credit%TYPE;The Variables declared using %TYPE is treated such as those declared using a datatype specifier. For example, given the earlier declarations, the PL/SQL treats debit such as REAL (7, 2) variable. The later example shows that a %TYPE declaration can involve an initialization clause:balance NUMBER(7,2);minimum_balance balance%TYPE := 10.00;The %TYPE attribute is mainly useful when declaring a variable which refer to a database columns. You can reference a table & column, or you can reference an owner, column, table, and as inmy_dname scott.dept.dname%TYPE;Using the %TYPE to declare my_dname has two merits. Firstly, you do not require knowing the exact datatype of dname. Secondly, when the database definition of the dname changes, the datatype of my_dname change accordingly at the run time.
Assignment Source Not a Literal - Variable Syntax: SET SN = SID (SUBSTRING (SN.C FROM 1 FOR 1)||'5');
Using FOR UPDATE If you declare a cursor which will be referenced in the CURRENT OF clause of an UPDATE or DELETE statement, you should use the FOR UPDATE clause to obtain an
Product-specific Packages The Oracle and different Oracle tools are supplied with the product-specific packages which help you to build the PL/SQL-based applications. For illus
Cursor Variables As Parameters You can declare the cursor variables as the formal parameters of the functions and procedures. In the illustration below, you define the REF CUR
Write a pl/sql block that declares and uses cursors with parameters. In a loop, use a cursor to retrieve the department number and the department name from the departments table
Implicit Cursor is declared and used by the oracle environment internally. while the explicit cursor is declared and used by the external user. more over implicitly cursors are no
what is the use of declare keyword
Accessing Attributes: You can refer to an attribute only by its name not by its position in the object type. To access or modify the value of an attribute, you can use the dot
UNION and OR - SQL SQL supports UNION explicitly but differently from the way it supports JOIN explicitly. As we have seen, JOIN is used exclusively within the FROM clause, su
ROWNUM The ROWNUM returns a number representing the order in which a row was selected from the table. The first row selected has a ROWNUM of 1; the second row has a ROWNUM of
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