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Using %TYPEThe %TYPE attribute gives the datatype of a variable or the database column. In the example below, the %TYPE gives the datatype of a variable:credit REAL(7,2);debit credit%TYPE;The Variables declared using %TYPE is treated such as those declared using a datatype specifier. For example, given the earlier declarations, the PL/SQL treats debit such as REAL (7, 2) variable. The later example shows that a %TYPE declaration can involve an initialization clause:balance NUMBER(7,2);minimum_balance balance%TYPE := 10.00;The %TYPE attribute is mainly useful when declaring a variable which refer to a database columns. You can reference a table & column, or you can reference an owner, column, table, and as inmy_dname scott.dept.dname%TYPE;Using the %TYPE to declare my_dname has two merits. Firstly, you do not require knowing the exact datatype of dname. Secondly, when the database definition of the dname changes, the datatype of my_dname change accordingly at the run time.
Quantification in SQL To quantify something, as the theory book has it, is to state its quantity, to say how many of it there are. For example, in Tutorial D the expression CO
Create a view named CustomerAddresses that shows the shipping and billing addresses for each customer in the MyGuitarShop database. This view should return these columns from the
FETCH Statement The FETCH statement retrieve rows of data one at a time from the result set of the multi-row query. The data is stored in fields or variables which correspond t
Manipulating Collections Within PL/SQL, the collections add procedural power and flexibility. The biggest benefit is that your program can compute subscripts to process the spec
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Architecture The PL/SQL run-time system and compilation is a technology, not an independent product. Consider this technology as an engine that compiles and executes the PL/SQL
Collections: The collection is an ordered group of elements, all of similar type (for illustration, the grades for a class of students). Each element has an exclusive subsc
Effects of NULL in Aggregate Operator - SQL Let aggop(x) be an invocation of some aggregate operator aggop in SQL, where x is an expression (usually an open expression) to be
Indeterminacy in SQL Some SQL expressions are actually not function invocations at all in the mathematical sense, being indeterminate-invocations operating on identical input
Data Types in SQL - Interval, Boolean INTERVAL for values denoting, not intervals (!) but durations in time, such as 5 years, 3 days, 2 minutes, and so on. BOOLEAN, con
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