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Using %TYPEThe %TYPE attribute gives the datatype of a variable or the database column. In the example below, the %TYPE gives the datatype of a variable:credit REAL(7,2);debit credit%TYPE;The Variables declared using %TYPE is treated such as those declared using a datatype specifier. For example, given the earlier declarations, the PL/SQL treats debit such as REAL (7, 2) variable. The later example shows that a %TYPE declaration can involve an initialization clause:balance NUMBER(7,2);minimum_balance balance%TYPE := 10.00;The %TYPE attribute is mainly useful when declaring a variable which refer to a database columns. You can reference a table & column, or you can reference an owner, column, table, and as inmy_dname scott.dept.dname%TYPE;Using the %TYPE to declare my_dname has two merits. Firstly, you do not require knowing the exact datatype of dname. Secondly, when the database definition of the dname changes, the datatype of my_dname change accordingly at the run time.
Bitmap Join Indexes - This feature will increase the performance and detains the size and format of your databases in data Character Semantics and Globalization -This featur
BETWEEN Operator The operator BETWEEN, tests whether the value lies in a specified series. That means "greater than or equivalent to low value and less than or equivalent to hig
Biconditional - SQL The biconditional p ↔ q can be expressed in Tutorial D by p = q and the same is true of SQL. The question then arises as to whether, in SQL, p = q is equiv
Many of the reports generated from the system calculate the total dollars in a shopper''s purchases. Follow these steps to create a function named TOT_PURCH_SF that accepts a shopp
Implicit Cursor Attributes The Implicit cursor attributes returns the information about the execution of an INSERT, DELETE, UPDATE, or SELECT INTO statement. The cursor attribu
CURRVAL and NEXTVAL The series is a schema object which generates the sequential numbers. Whenever you form a sequence, you can specify its primary value and an increment. T
Effects of NULL in Table Literal When a VALUES expression appears as the source value for an SQL INSERT statement, the key word NULL can appear as a field value, such that for
Interesting properties of CROSS JOIN - SQL Compare these with the "interesting properties of JOIN", CROSS JOIN is associative but not commutative. Unlike JOIN and NATURAL JOI
Example of WHEN or THEN Constraints A concrete example showing how SQL supports WHEN/THEN constraints CREATE TABLE SAL_HISTORY (EmpNo CHAR (6), Salary INTEGER NOT NULL,
COMMIT Statement The COMMIT statement explicitly makes everlasting changes to the database during the present transaction. The Changes made to the database are not considered e
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