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Using AliasesThe Select-list items fetched from a cursor related with the %ROWTYPE should have simple names or, if they are expressions, should have aliases. In the example below, you use an alias known as the wages:-- available online in file ’examp4’DECLARECURSOR my_cursor ISSELECT sal + NVL(comm, 0) wages, ename FROM emp;my_rec my_cursor%ROWTYPE;BEGINOPEN my_cursor;LOOPFETCH my_cursor INTO my_rec;EXIT WHEN my_cursor%NOTFOUND;IF my_rec.wages > 2000 THENINSERT INTO temp VALUES (NULL, my_rec.wages, my_rec.ename);END IF;END LOOP;CLOSE my_cursor;END;
Using FIRST and LAST FIRST and LAST return the first and last (minimum and maximum) index numbers in a collection. When the collection is empty, the FIRST and LAST return NULL
Write a query to find academics that are authors and that have only ever coauthored papers with authors from institutes in the same state as their own. List their academic number,
Example of WHEN or THEN Constraints A concrete example showing how SQL supports WHEN/THEN constraints CREATE TABLE SAL_HISTORY (EmpNo CHAR (6), Salary INTEGER NOT NULL,
Assignment of Variable - Updating a Variable Syntax: SET SN = SID ('S2'); This can obviously be read as "set the variable SN to be equal in value to SID ( 'S2' )".
Keyword and Parameter Description: label_name: This is an undeclared identifier which labels an executable statement or the PL/SQL block. You can use a GOTO statement to
Authorisations - Privileges As relational theory is silent on the issue of authorisation, it offers nothing with which SQL's vast edifice in support of what it calls privilege
Example of DELETE - SQL As with UPDATE, a FOR PORTION OF clause can be specified if the target table has a defined period name, as illustrated in Example. Example: Deleting
Manipulating Collections Within PL/SQL, the collections add procedural power and flexibility. The biggest benefit is that your program can compute subscripts to process the spec
Defining REF CURSOR Types To make cursor variables, you take 2 steps. At first, you define a REF CURSOR type, and then declare the cursor variables of that type. You can defin
In Packages The Forward declarations also group logically related subprograms in the package. The subprogram specifications go in the package specification, & the subprogram b
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