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Transaction Control
The Oracle is transaction oriented; that is, Oracle uses the transactions to make sure the data integrity. The transaction is a sequence of SQL data manipulation statements that does a logical unit of work. For illustration, the two UPDATE statements might credit one bank account and debit another.
At the same time, the Oracle makes permanent or undoes all the database changes made by a transaction. If your program fails in the middle of the transaction, the Oracle detects the error and rolls back the transaction. Therefore, the database is restored to its previous state automatically.
You use the ROLLBACK, COMMIT, SAVEPOINT, & SET TRANSACTION commands to control the transactions. The COMMIT makes everlasting and any database changes made during the present transaction. The ROLLBACK ends the present transaction and undoes any changes made as the transaction began. The SAVEPOINT marks the present point in the processing of a transaction. Used with the ROLLBACK, SAVEPOINT undoes part of a transaction. The SET TRANSACTION sets the transaction properties like the read/write access and isolation level.
Effects of NULL The numeric variable X, perhaps of type INTEGER, might be assigned NULL. In that case the result of evaluating X + 1 is NULL, and so SET Y = X + 1 assigns NULL
GOTO Statement The GOTO statement branches categorically to a block label or statement label. The label should be exclusive within its scope and should precede a PL/SQL bloc
Defining REF CURSOR Types To make cursor variables, you take 2 steps. At first, you define a REF CURSOR type, and then declare the cursor variables of that type. You can defin
NULL Statement The NULL statement clearly specifies in action; it does nothing other than to pass control to the next statement. It can, though, improve the readability. In a
This is a Customer Management project. Customer data is presented in a text file. The program will load this text data into its DB columns. The data mapping is user definable. User
Keyword & Parameter Description: PRAGMA: These keywords signify that the statement is a pragma (i.e. compiler directive). The Pragmas are processed at the compile time, n
Hi there, I have the final part of a submission to do, it is a demonstration that takes place tomorrow. I do not have to use previous information, but i have resources that sho
At times, Brewbean's has changed the id number for existing products. In the past, they have had to add a new product row with the new id to the BB_PRODUCT table, modify all the co
Truth Tables: However in propositional logic - here we are restricted to expressing sentences and where the propositions are true or false - so we can check where a particular
Identifiers You use identifiers to name the PL/SQL program items and units that include constants, variables, cursors, exceptions, cursor variables, subprograms, and packages.
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