Question

Give genuine reason that why are steel tubular marine piles often driven open-ended?

Answer

In marine structure where piles are constantly topic to major lateral and uplift forces induced by berthing act and wave action, it is needed to drive the piles to much greater depth. To avoid untimely refusal thus that insufficient soil cover can develop that is incapable of providing required lateral and uplift resistance, tubular piles are usually driven open-ended thus that they are driving to better depths than piles with closed ends.