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SEQUENTIAL FILES WITH THE VARIABLE-LENGTH RECORDS:
The Magnetic - tape or disk files can hold variable-length records. In this situation the file can have records with various fixed lengths or one or more records can hold variable number of table elements. In the later situation the table elements are defined with OCCUR....DEPENDING clause.
SEQUENTIAL FILES: The purpose of the proposed section is to introduce the concepts such as File characteristics, File Description for Fixed-Length Records, File-Control
READ STATEMENTS: The common format for the read statements is as shown bellow. Format 1: READ file-name RECORD [ INTO identifier ] [ ; AT END imperative-s
, (Comma) : A comma, whenever used in a picture, is considered as an insertion character and inserted wherever it become visible. There can be more than one comma in the pictu
PICTURE specification: The size of a group item is equivalent to the total of the sizes of all the subordinate elementary items. The group item class is alphanumeric. The i
Selection of file Organization: While designing a file, the programmer should select an appropriate association for a file. The order in which the choice is to be made is as s
Example of File-control: The assign clause assigns a specific physical peripheral device name to a file. The physical peripheral device are machine-dependent. We use the devic
START STATEMENT: The START statement places the files to the initial logical record whose record key satisfies the condition specified by the KEY phrase. The access mode shoul
Comparison of Nonnumeric Operands: A nonnumeric operand can be compared to the other nonnumeric operand according to the rules as shown below: (i) Fields of Equal Sizes:
Literals: The actual values can too appear in a program. These values are termed as literals. For illustration, the statement MOVE 0 TO TOTAL indicates that the value zero wil
PROGRAM USING OCCURS CLAUSE: We have to write a simple program to demonstrate Occurs Clause. Get the employee details for 3 persons and compute the total salary. identifica
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