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Point Location:
The position of the decimal point is the other characteristic which can be specified in the case of the numeric data items. If the position is not specified, then the item is considered to be an integer that means that the decimal point is positioned instantly after the rightmost digit. It may be noted that in the COBOL the decimal point is not explicitly involved in the data. The position of the decimal point is just an assumed position.
The compiler at the time of compilation makes only a note of this assumed decimal point. It makes the object code in such a way that the data items before taking part in the operations are aligned according to their assumed decimal points.
RESERVE clause: This clause indicates the number of buffers to be used for the file. Integer-1 specifies this number. ORGANIZATION/ACCESS clause: These two clause
FILE CHARACTERISTICS: The task of file handling is the responsibility of the system software termed as IOCS (Input-Output control system). Record Size: We know that th
FILE-CONTROL paragraph for the relative files: The normal format for the SELECT clause for a relative file is as shown below. SELECT file-name ASSIGN TO implementor-nam
PROGRAM FOR INDEXED SEQUENTIAL FILE CREATION (RANDOM MODE): We have to write a program to create an Indexed Sequential File in random mode for Student particulars. Suppose jus
Examples - Edit characters for numeric data: The following illustration illustrates the use of Z editing characters. The character b is used to indicate the space character an
What is the difference between subscript and index
WRITE statement: The WRITE statement for tape and sequential-disk files has the syntax shown below. WRITE record-name [ FROM identifier ] As a resu
Example of read statement: Illustration: READ OLD-MASTER AT END MOVE ZERO TO END-OF-RECORDS. As a result of this statement, generally the next record from the OLD-MAST
RENAMES CLAUSE: At times re-grouping of an elementary data items in a record may be essential so that they can belong to the original as well as to the latest group. This is o
START STATEMENT: The START statement places the files to the initial logical record whose record key satisfies the condition specified by the KEY phrase. The access mode shoul
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