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Retroviral method: A retrovirus is a virus that carries its genetic material in the form of RNA rather than DNA. In this method retroviruses are used as vectors to transfer genetic material into the host cell, resulting in a chimera, an organism consisting of tissues or parts of diverse genetic constitution. Chimeras are inbred for as many as 20 generations until homozygous (carrying the desired transgene in every cell) transgenic offsprings are born. The method was successfully used in 1974 when a simian virus was inserted into mice embryos, resulting in mice carrying this DNA. In retroviral method, 8-cell stage embryo is removed and infected by virus carrying foreign gene. The retroviral is made defective in such a way that, it can effectively penetrate cells without replication. The transformed embryo is then implanted back in foster mother. After birth, the matings are carried out to establish transgenic line. Although retrovirus is a good choice as a vector, it can carry only a limited size of the foreign DNA.
Q. Why is a leguminous crop rotation used in agriculture? The Leguminous crop rotation and other crop rotations are used in agriculture for the reason that in these plants many
Nutrient Elements of Plants Let us first find out the chemical composition of plants and see which element nature has selected to support their healthy growth. Only then we wi
Q. Observation of Hemichordata ? • identify Balanoglossus as a hemicliordate and give its scientific and common name. • classify Balanogiossus LIP to the level of order.
ROL E OF WATER - In general water constitutes 60-90% of protoplasm. Average 80%. It forms 2/3 of human body weight, i.e. 66.66%. Due to electrophillic nature of O, wa
MICROTUBULES Discovered by De Robertis and Franchi . Term given by Slautterback . These are hollow structures, consists of tubulin protein. Each protein diamer
Suppose that a portion of double-stranded DNA in the middle of a large gene is being transcribed by an RNA polymerase. As the polymerase moves through the sequence of six bases sho
Name the three irreversible reactions in the glycolytic pathway. The three irreversible reactions in the glycolytic pathway are : Glucose → Glucose-6-phosphate Fructose
When an individual is exposed to foreign serum antigen then a combination of symptoms are produced which is known as serum sickness.
Q. Of which kind of tissue are bones and cartilages made? Cartilages and Bones tissues with great amount of intercellular material are formed of connective tissue. Q. Are t
Describe cardiac rewabilptation and its various effects ? A survival benefit cannot be attributed solely to exercise training because many studies involved multifunctional inte
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