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Retroviral method: A retrovirus is a virus that carries its genetic material in the form of RNA rather than DNA. In this method retroviruses are used as vectors to transfer genetic material into the host cell, resulting in a chimera, an organism consisting of tissues or parts of diverse genetic constitution. Chimeras are inbred for as many as 20 generations until homozygous (carrying the desired transgene in every cell) transgenic offsprings are born. The method was successfully used in 1974 when a simian virus was inserted into mice embryos, resulting in mice carrying this DNA. In retroviral method, 8-cell stage embryo is removed and infected by virus carrying foreign gene. The retroviral is made defective in such a way that, it can effectively penetrate cells without replication. The transformed embryo is then implanted back in foster mother. After birth, the matings are carried out to establish transgenic line. Although retrovirus is a good choice as a vector, it can carry only a limited size of the foreign DNA.
List the five functions controlled by hypothalamus. Hypothalamus controls many important functions which are as follows: a) Blood pressure control b) Hunger and thirst
Q. Requirements of various nutrients in constipation? The requirements of various nutrients are not altered in constipation. It is essentially a normal balanced diet (normal RD
Define Criteria for Assessment of Vitamin B 12 Status? Low serum or plasma levels of vitamin B 12 should be the first indication of poor status and this could be confirmed
how biochemical evidence proof DNA as a genetic material?
What is ecotourism, and how can it be used to preserve biodiversity? Ecotourism is tourism involving people who want to see intact ecosystems and their unique organ- isms. Inco
Imiquimod (Aldara) This immunomodulator is FDA-approved for topical treatment of external and perianal genital warts, which are caused by papillomavirus. Gradual clearance of w
Explain the Cardiovascular disease and stroke? Obesity may be an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD) with the degree of obesity being directly proportional
Define Class Turbellaria - Flatworms ? Members of these two Classes are known as the flukes. Flukes are parasitic flatworms that inhabit tropical areas like Southeast Asia and
what is common between aquatic and terrestrial plants
Radioactive Labelling Radioactive labelling method has been effectively applied on the chick blastoderm. The method includes labelling one embryo (donor) and grafting a part
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