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Write short note on recovery regarding the file system in Windows 2000.
In many file systems a power breakdown at the wrong time can damage the file system data structures so severely that the entire volume is scrambled. NTFS has a variant approach to file-system robustness. In NTFS all file-system and data-structures updates are performed inside transactions. Previous to a data structure is altered, the transaction writes log records that contains redo and undo information then data structure has been changed the transaction writes a commit record to the log to signify that the transaction succeeded. Subsequent to a crash the system can restore the file system data structures to a consistent state by processing the log records first redoing the operations for the committed transactions after that undoing the operations for transactions that did not commit successfully before the crash.
Explain working of the logical file system The logical file system manages metadata information. Metadata contains all of the file-system structure, excluding actual data. It h
Many early operating systems regarded processes as different timesharing users. The process abstraction is a popular way to organize concurrent programs, but it is not the only cho
Write a short note on disk scheduling One of the responsibities of operating system O/S is to use the hardware efficiently. Whenever a process requires I/O to or from the
How does user specify block to be fetched in direct access? By specifying the relative block number, relative to first block in file, which is block 0.
What is busy waiting? The repeated implementation of a loop of code while waiting for an event to happen is known as busy-waiting. The CPU is not engaged in any actual producti
KERNEL-LEVEL THREADS (KLT) In this level every thread management is done by kernel .No thread library except an API system calls to the kernel thread facility exists. The kern
When a computer is started on, the program that executed first is named the ''operating system.'' It controls pretty much all applications in the computer. This adds who logs in, h
Paging: Only the needed memory pages are moved to main memory from the swap machine for execution. Process size does not matter. Produce the concept of the virtual memory. It
What does Verification represent? Verification shows the set of activities that are carried out to confirm that the software correctly executes the specific functionality.
The Cigarette-Smokers difficulty Consider a system with three smoker processes and one agent process. Every smoker continuously rolls a cigarette and then smokes it. But to roll as
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