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PROCEDURE DIVISION statements for the relative files:
The statements OPEN, CLOSE, READ, WRITE and REWRITE that are available for sequential files are also available for the relative files. In addition, two other words, namely, the DELETE and START are also available. As observes the OPEN and CLOSE statements, there is no distinction between relative file and sequential disk file.
OCCURS - INDEXED BY PROGRAM: identification division. program- id. searching. environment division. data division. working-storage section. 01 table1. 0
Occurs Clause: Let us establish tables with the help of an illustration. Assume that there are ten different types of income-tax rates that are read from some input medium and
Picture Clause: The picture clause explains the general characteristics of an elementary data item. These characteristics are elaborated below: Class: In COBOL the
Edit Characters for Numeric Data: The characters below can be used in the PICTURE clause to indicate the editing. Z * $ - + CR DB . , B O /
FILE-CONTROL paragraph for the relative files: The normal format for the SELECT clause for a relative file is as shown below. SELECT file-name ASSIGN TO implementor-nam
Comparison of Numeric Operands: We are well-known with the kind of the relational condition where both the operands are numeric. The comparison in this situation is algebraic
READ STATEMENTS: The common format for the read statements is as shown bellow. Format 1: READ file-name RECORD [ INTO identifier ] [ ; AT END imperative-s
WRITE statement: The WRITE statement for tape and sequential-disk files has the syntax shown below. WRITE record-name [ FROM identifier ] As a resu
Group Item as Operand in the Relational Condition: Whenever an operand of a relational condition is the group item, the item is then considered to be an alphanumeric field. Th
Transaction file : A transaction file is a file which contains new records those changes to old records which are used to update the master file. The problem of file updatio
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