Phospholipids - conjugated lipids, Biology

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PHOSPHOLIPIDS

  • Most abundant lipid present in cell membrane, also called membrane lipid.
  • It is made up of lipid & phosphoric acid.
  • The basic phospholipid is phosphatidic acid.
  • They are respectively known as phosphatidylcholine (lecithin), phosphatidylethanolamine (cephalin), phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylinositol.
  • Phospholipids are amphipathic having both hydrophobic and hydrophilic ends.
  • Phospholipids also account for fluidity and selective permeability of membranes.
  • Lecithin acts as a carrier molecule, by its deficiency fatty liver disease is caused.
  • Cephalin present in egg yolk, nervous tissue.
  • Cephalin helpful in blood clotting.
  • Plasmogens present in brain & myelin sheath.
  • Sphingomyelin is a phospholipid, which do not contain glycerol.
  • Sphingosine is found, eg. nervous tissue.
  • Sphingomyelins occur in most animal membranes.
  • They are also present in good quantity in myelin sheath of nerve fibres.

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