NITROGEN

Nitrogen is the great strength of the triple bond makes N2 thermodynamically and kinetically stable but moderately electronegative element. The atom can form three single bonds, usually with a pyramidal geometry, but also has a notable tendency to multiple bonding. It's usually not rich redox chemistry is illustrated in the Frost diagram.

Dinitrogen builds up 79 mol % of dry air. The element is essential for life and is one of the elements often in short produce, as fixation of atmospheric nitrogen to form chemically usable compounds is a difficult process.

Nitrogen is finding from the atmosphere by fractional distillation and liquefaction. Its normal boiling point (-196°C or 77 K) and its ready availability build it a useful coolant. It collides directly with rather few elements and is often need as an inert filling or 'blanket' for metallurgical processes. The majority of industrial nitrogen is used to build ammonia and further compounds.

Fig. Frost diagram showing the redox states of nitrogen in water at pH=0 (continuous line) and pH=14 (dashed line).