Minimisation of Differential Settlement
You are aware that differential settlement causes more distress to the structure, when compared with that of total settlement. The various causes for differential settlement are
1) Variations in soil strata.
2) Variation in the loading of different parts of foundation.
3) Difference in time of construction of adjoining parts of a structure
4) Large loaded areas on flexible foundations.
You must identify the causes for differential settlement. Then only you can choose suitable remedial measure. The various remedial measures are
1) Provision of a rigid raft foundation with a thick slab or with deep beam at two or three directions.
2) Provision of deep basements to reduce the net bearing pressure.
3) Provision of additional loading on the lightly loaded areas in the form of kentledge.
4) Transferring load to deeper and less compressible soil strata by piles or piers.
5) Provision of greater flexibility between elements of the structure. This can be accomplished by construction in independent segments.