Management of ventricular septal defect, Biology

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Management 

In case of  small defects surgical treatment is not indicated because spontaneous closure may occur before one to two years of  age. Patient  is treated for congestive heart failure, repeated chest infections, prevention and treatment of  anaemia and infective endocarditis. Surgical treatment requires open heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass and is indicated in

(i) Congestive heart failure in infancy not responding to medical management

(ii) If  left to right shunt is large (pulmonary flow more than twice the systemic flow)

(iii) If  there is associated pulmonic  stenosis, pulmonary arterial hypertension or arotic regurgitation.

Operative treatment consists of closure with dacron patch sewn over the opening.  


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