Q. What are the three main parts into which a neuron can be divided? What are their respective functions?

The three mains parts into which a neuron can be didactically divided are: cell body, dendrites and axon.

Dendrites are projections of the plasma membrane that receive the neural impulse from other neurons the cell body is where the main cellular organelles and the nucleus are located. Axon is the long membrane projection that transmits the neural impulse at distance to other neurons to other effector cells and to muscle cells.