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Label Records / Disk Directory:
The most important information stored in the header label is what is termed as the file title. In the situation of magnetic-disk files the labels normally do not exist (there are lots of exceptions). As, more than one file is stored on a disk pack, the Input-Output control system also maintains a disk directory for all the files.
OPEN statement: We know that the processing of a file should start with the execution of an OPEN statement. The file can be opened in any one of the 4 open modes - INPUT, OUTP
bal majduri ik kanuni apradh hai is de bavjud bache ,ghra,hotla,road, kam karn lai majbur han bacheya te mapeya nu parhai val prerit karn lai ik bashan teyar kro
Identification Division: The Identification Division is the first division of each and every COBOL source program. The paragraph PROGRAM-ID is necessary in most of the mac
Examples - Edit characters for numeric data: The following illustration illustrates the use of Z editing characters. The character b is used to indicate the space character an
INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION: This section holds information regarding the files to be used in the program. There are 2 paragraphs in this section- FILE-CONTROL & I-O-CONTROL. The
MERGE VERB WITH OUTPUT PROCEDURE: Like the sort verb, the merge verb can also have an output procedure. The syntax of the MERGE verb is as shown below: The r
There are some restrictions when these procedures are used. (i) The Procedure should not contain any SORT/MERGE statement. (ii) An explicit transfer of the control outside
RELATIVE FILES: The Files that are stored on a direct access storage medium like magnetic disk are frequently known as direct access files. The COBOL supports three different
Example of Perform statement: PERFORM BEGIN-CALCULATION THRU END-CALCULATION. Assume, BEGIN-CALCULATION and END-CALCULTION is paragraph names. The execution of the PERFORM
Example of Special-names: Consider the illustration: Let the SPECIAL-NAMES paragraph be as shown: SPECIAL-NAMES. CHANNEL 1 IS PAGE-TOP. The Channel is related with the t
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