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INDEXED SEQUENTIAL FILES:
In the indexed sequential files which are also known as indexed files, the records are stored in the sequence order generally in ascending order. In addition, some of the index tables are also created and maintained with the file.
An indexed file on COBOL can be accessed either sequential or randomly. Though, while creating an indexed file the records can be written only sequentially and in the ascending order of the key. Whenever an indexed file is accessed randomly, the series in which the records are accessed is controlled by the programmer by specifying the value of the data item known as record key.
The Indexed files in a COBOL program can be handled through appropriate special codes in the FILE-CONTROL paragraph and in the PROCEDURE DIVISION.
Occurs Clause: Let us establish tables with the help of an illustration. Assume that there are ten different types of income-tax rates that are read from some input medium and
B (Blank Insertion) : The occurrence of a B anyplace in the picture will insert a space character in the edited data. There can be more than one B in the picture. Examples:
Object-Computer - Configuration section: The computer name specifies a specific computer on which the object program is to be executed. The MEMORY SIZE is used to show the
INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION: This section holds information regarding the files to be used in the program. There are 2 paragraphs in this section- FILE-CONTROL & I-O-CONTROL. The
Evaluate is like a case statement & Evaluate stamenet can be used to replace nested Ifs. The difference b/w EVALUATE and case is that there is no 'break' is required for EVALUATE
Label Records / Disk Directory: The most important information stored in the header label is what is termed as the file title. In the situation of magnetic-disk files the labe
RULES OF MOVE VERB: The Data movement is managed by the rules which are as shown below: (a) The contents of the identifier - 1 or the value of the literal - 1 is moved to
READ STATEMENT: The aim of this verb is to make available the next logical record from the input file. It is important to note the meaning of the "next" logical record in the
Illustration of indexed tables: Index items defined through the INDEXED phrase of the OCCURS clause are one type of indexes. There can be other type of index items that are de
PERFORM WITH TIMES OPTION: The format of a PERFORM TIMES statement is as shown below: Illustration: A) Perform the para-2 5 times. In this situation the specifie
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