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INDEXED SEQUENTIAL FILES:
In the indexed sequential files which are also known as indexed files, the records are stored in the sequence order generally in ascending order. In addition, some of the index tables are also created and maintained with the file.
An indexed file on COBOL can be accessed either sequential or randomly. Though, while creating an indexed file the records can be written only sequentially and in the ascending order of the key. Whenever an indexed file is accessed randomly, the series in which the records are accessed is controlled by the programmer by specifying the value of the data item known as record key.
The Indexed files in a COBOL program can be handled through appropriate special codes in the FILE-CONTROL paragraph and in the PROCEDURE DIVISION.
FILE-CONTROL paragraph for the indexed files: The common format for the SELECT clause for a file is as shown below: SELECT file-name ASSIGN TO implementor -name
NEGATED SIMPLE CONDITION: Any of the easy condition explained can be preceded by the logical operator NOT. The consequence of placing the operator NOT before an easy condition
READ STATEMENT: The aim of this verb is to make available the next logical record from the input file. It is important to note the meaning of the "next" logical record in the
program
ON SIZE ERROR OPTION: Whenever a size error occurs, the contents of the result field after the operation is unpredictable. Though, the processing is not-terminated and the co
Introduction to MOVE Verb: The aim of this section is to introduce the learner how to move data from one place to the other place in the memory. This is completed with the help
Comparison of Nonnumeric Operands: A nonnumeric operand can be compared to the other nonnumeric operand according to the rules as shown below: (i) Fields of Equal Sizes:
TO WRITE A QUADRATIC EQN ROOTS ARE COMPLEX IN COBOL PROGRAM
bal majduri ik kanuni apradh hai is de bavjud bache ,ghra,hotla,road, kam karn lai majbur han bacheya te mapeya nu parhai val prerit karn lai ik bashan teyar kro
CLASS CONDITION: The class condition establishes whether or not the value of the operand is numeric or alphabetic. The operand is numeric if it contains only the digits 0 t
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