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Comparison of Nonnumeric Operands:
A nonnumeric operand can be compared to the other nonnumeric operand according to the rules as shown below:
(i) Fields of Equal Sizes:
The Characters in the equivalent positions are compared to determine the value of the relational condition. The Comparison begins with the leftmost character in both the fields and proceeds in a left to right side manner. If the 2 characters being compared are found to be unequal at any stage, the field containing the biggest characters is considered to be greater. When the characters are only found to be identical does the comparison proceed to the later position on the right. The 2 fields are taken to be equal only when all these pairs of characters have been found to be similar and the rightmost end has been reached.
(ii) Fields of Unequal Sizes:
If the two operands are not of equivalent size, the shorter field is considered to be extended on the right by spaces to make its size equivalent to the longer field and the rules for comparing fields of equal sizes are used.
Literals: The actual values can too appear in a program. These values are termed as literals. For illustration, the statement MOVE 0 TO TOTAL indicates that the value zero wil
what does it used
Introduction to COBOL: In the year 1959, a new language named the COBOL ( CO mmon B usiness O riented L anguage) was introduced remembering the business purpose application
COBOL Words: The COBOL word can be formed by using the characters as shown below: 0-9 A-Z (a-z) - (hyphen) The rules below should be hold in forming the COBOL words.
INPUT-OUTPUT SECTION: This section holds information regarding the files to be used in the program. There are 2 paragraphs in this section- FILE-CONTROL & I-O-CONTROL. The
DISPLAY STATEMENT: The function of the DISPLAY statement is just opposite to that of the ACCEPT statement. It is used to display the low-volume results on the operator's co
PROGRAM FOR PERFORM ...UNTIL We have to write a program to find the sum of "n" natural numbers. Identification division. Program- id. PerfUntil. Environment division.
Example of compound condition: In common, a compound condition has the form which is as shown below: Where condition-1 & condition-2 can be any one of the below:
PROGRAM FOR PERFORM - THRU: We have to write a program to elaborate PERFORM ...THRU statement Identification division. Program- id. Perfthru. Environment division.
WRITE Statement: The WRITE statement for a relative file has the format which is as shown below. WRITE record-name [ FORM identifier ]
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