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Comparison of Nonnumeric Operands:
A nonnumeric operand can be compared to the other nonnumeric operand according to the rules as shown below:
(i) Fields of Equal Sizes:
The Characters in the equivalent positions are compared to determine the value of the relational condition. The Comparison begins with the leftmost character in both the fields and proceeds in a left to right side manner. If the 2 characters being compared are found to be unequal at any stage, the field containing the biggest characters is considered to be greater. When the characters are only found to be identical does the comparison proceed to the later position on the right. The 2 fields are taken to be equal only when all these pairs of characters have been found to be similar and the rightmost end has been reached.
(ii) Fields of Unequal Sizes:
If the two operands are not of equivalent size, the shorter field is considered to be extended on the right by spaces to make its size equivalent to the longer field and the rules for comparing fields of equal sizes are used.
ON SIZE ERROR OPTION: Whenever a size error occurs, the contents of the result field after the operation is unpredictable. Though, the processing is not-terminated and the co
RELATIVE FILES: The Files that are stored on a direct access storage medium like magnetic disk are frequently known as direct access files. The COBOL supports three different
Literals: The actual values can too appear in a program. These values are termed as literals. For illustration, the statement MOVE 0 TO TOTAL indicates that the value zero wil
LABEL RECORD CLAUSE: This clause specifies whether or not the standard header and trailer labels must be present in the magnetic-tape files. VALUE OF CLAUSE: The VAL
Name the divisions in a COBOL program are given below DENTIFICATION DIVISION DATA DIVISION ENVIRONMENT DIVISION PROCEDURE DIVISION.
Illustration of if- else statement: IF OK-BALANCE NEXT SENTENCE ELSE MOVE 2 BALANCE-CODE In this illustration, the OK-BALANCE is a condition name. No action is specific if
SEQUENTIAL FILES: The purpose of the proposed section is to introduce the concepts such as File characteristics, File Description for Fixed-Length Records, File-Control
Common form of the READ statements: Format 1 is the common form of the READ statements. Format 2 is used when the access mode is either random or dynamic. For illustration,
RULES OF REDEFINES CLAUSE The rules shown below govern the use of the REDEFINES clause: (i) The level-number of data-name-1 and data-name-2 should be identical. (ii) Exce
PROGRAM FOR ADD VERB: We have to write a simple program to elaborate the ADD verb. You can also use edit characters in the program. Identification division. Program- id.
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